MacKinney A A, Knobeloch L
Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1986 Sep;182(4):474-7. doi: 10.3181/00379727-182-42368.
Diphenylhydantoin (DPH) shares two features with cortisol: immunosuppression and cleft palate formation. We tested the hypothesis that DPH would have effects on lymphocytes in vitro similar to those induced by cortisol, and the corollary that DPH would inhibit those cortisol effects. We found that DPH lysed rat thymocytes, although at higher concentrations than cortisol. When combined, DPH inhibited cortisol lysis of thymocytes. Neither drug lysed human phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-stimulated cells, but both drugs depressed DNA and RNA syntheses in PHA cells. DPH augmented cortisol inhibition of DNA and RNA syntheses in PHA cells and DNA synthesis in rat thymocytes. It had no effect on cortisol inhibition of RNA synthesis in rat thymocytes. It appears that DPH has a cortisol-like action (lysis of rat thymocytes). The actions of this drug enable us to show that cortisol lysis and the inhibition of DNA or RNA synthesis can be associated. These phenomena may explain some immunosuppressive effects of DPH in the human.
苯妥英（DPH）与皮质醇有两个共同特点：免疫抑制和腭裂形成。我们检验了这样一个假设，即DPH在体外对淋巴细胞的作用类似于皮质醇所诱导的作用，以及由此得出的推论，即DPH会抑制皮质醇的那些作用。我们发现DPH可裂解大鼠胸腺细胞，尽管其浓度高于皮质醇。当两者合用时，DPH可抑制皮质醇对胸腺细胞的裂解作用。两种药物均不能裂解人植物血凝素（PHA）刺激的细胞，但两种药物均可抑制PHA细胞中的DNA和RNA合成。DPH增强了皮质醇对PHA细胞中DNA和RNA合成以及大鼠胸腺细胞中DNA合成的抑制作用。它对皮质醇抑制大鼠胸腺细胞中RNA合成没有影响。看来DPH具有类似皮质醇的作用（裂解大鼠胸腺细胞）。这种药物的作用使我们能够证明皮质醇裂解以及DNA或RNA合成的抑制可能是相关联的。这些现象可能解释了DPH在人体中的一些免疫抑制作用。
