QuEChERS sample preparation integrated to dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction based on solidified floating organic droplet for spectrometric determination of sudan dyes: A synergistic approach.

In this project, a synergistic approach has been proposed where a quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe (QuEChERS) sample preparation technique was developed for the extraction of sudan III and sudan IV dyes in different spices prior to its dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction based on solidified floating organic droplet (DLLME-SFO). Initially, the sample was extracted by QuEChERS method and then preconcentrated through DLLME-SFO followed by spectrophotometric detection. All the experimental parameters i.e., volume of extraction solvent, pH, acetonitrile to water ratio, temperature, centrifugation rate and time, and sample volume were optimized. Limit of detection (LOD) calculated for sudan III and sudan IV were 0.42 and 0.35 mg/L, respectively. Excellent recoveries were obtained in the range of 98.29-99.88%. After validation through standard addition methodology, the developed QuEChERS@DLLME-SFO method was successfully applied to determine sudan (III-IV) dyes in real spices samples. Integration of QuEChERS and DLLME-SFO was found to be a suitable substitute to eliminate the usage of costly primary secondary amines and other sorbents. The synergistic approach of QuEChERS and DLLME-SFO with the aid of UV/visible spectrophotometry makes it prompt, cost effective technique with excellent analytical figures of merit.