Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, 50829, Cologne, Germany.
Université de Lorraine, Institut national de recherche pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement, UMR Interactions Arbres/Microorganismes, Centre INRAE Grand Est-Nancy, 54280, Champenoux, France.
Nat Commun. 2021 Dec 10;12(1):7227. doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-27479-y.
The roots of Arabidopsis thaliana host diverse fungal communities that affect plant health and disease states. Here, we sequence the genomes of 41 fungal isolates representative of the A. thaliana root mycobiota for comparative analysis with other 79 plant-associated fungi. Our analyses indicate that root mycobiota members evolved from ancestors with diverse lifestyles and retain large repertoires of plant cell wall-degrading enzymes (PCWDEs) and effector-like small secreted proteins. We identify a set of 84 gene families associated with endophytism, including genes encoding PCWDEs acting on xylan (family GH10) and cellulose (family AA9). Transcripts encoding these enzymes are also part of a conserved transcriptional program activated by phylogenetically-distant mycobiota members upon host contact. Recolonization experiments with individual fungi indicate that strains with detrimental effects in mono-association with the host colonize roots more aggressively than those with beneficial activities, and dominate in natural root samples. Furthermore, we show that the pectin-degrading enzyme family PL1_7 links aggressiveness of endophytic colonization to plant health.
拟南芥的根际中栖息着多种多样的真菌群落，这些真菌群落影响着植物的健康和疾病状态。在这里，我们对 41 株具有代表性的拟南芥根际真菌分离物的基因组进行了测序，以便与其他 79 株植物相关真菌进行比较分析。我们的分析表明，根际真菌成员是由具有不同生活方式的祖先进化而来的，并且保留了大量的植物细胞壁降解酶（PCWDEs）和效应子样小分泌蛋白。我们确定了一组与内生菌有关的 84 个基因家族，包括编码作用于木聚糖（GH10 家族）和纤维素（AA9 家族）的 PCWDEs 的基因。这些酶的转录本也是由系统发育上不同的真菌成员在与宿主接触时激活的保守转录程序的一部分。对单个真菌的再定植实验表明，与宿主单一关联时具有有害影响的菌株比具有有益活性的菌株更积极地定植于根际，并且在自然根样本中占主导地位。此外，我们还表明，果胶降解酶家族 PL1_7 将内生菌定植的侵袭性与植物健康联系起来。
