The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the Shanghai Key Laboratory for Compound Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201210, China.
The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the Shanghai Key Laboratory for Compound Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201210, China.
J Pharm Biomed Anal. 2022 Feb 5;209:114514. doi: 10.1016/j.jpba.2021.114514. Epub 2021 Dec 4.
It has been considered as a crucial field for the extraction of active ingredients from herbal medicine to use a green and efficient method in the medicinal and food industries. In recent years, deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have been obtaining increase attention in green chemistry area since its sustainability, safety and biodegradability. In this study, an efficient DES composed of choline chloride and L-(+)-ascorbic acid with a molar ratio of 2:1 performed higher efficacy on the extraction of target compounds (including iridoids, phenolic acids and flavonoids) in Eucommia ulmoides leaves than 50% methanol solution. Considering the extraction efficacy and time consumption, microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) was selected and the operational conditions, including power of microwave, liquid/solid ratio and irradiation time were optimized by response surface methodology (RSM). Water was used as anti-solvent to recover ten target analytes from DES with recovery yields of 97.59%, 94.91%, 96.09%, 90.66%, 95.16%, 87.33%, 86.57%, 82.15%, 89.28% and 80.75% for eucommiol (EU), aucubin (AU), geniposidic acid (GA), chlorogenic acid (CA), asperuloside (AP), rutin (RU), kaempferol-3-O-sambubioside (KS), isoquercitrin (IQ), kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside (KR) and astragaline (AS), respectively. By combining the DES-based MAE and quantitative analysis of multi-components by single mark (QAMS) methods, the contents of ten compounds in the leaves of Eucommia ulmoides were determined to clarify the relationship between the accumulation of secondary metabolites and the harvest period. It was found that the contents of main ingredients reached the highest during May to October. The period appears to be the best harvest period for Eucommia ulmoides leaves. This study provides a novel strategy for the harvesting, processing, and quality control of the raw materials from Eucommia ulmoides leaves.
从草药中提取有效成分一直被认为是医药和食品工业中的一个关键领域，使用绿色、高效的方法尤为重要。近年来，深共晶溶剂（DESs）因其可持续性、安全性和生物降解性而在绿色化学领域受到越来越多的关注。在这项研究中，一种由氯化胆碱和 L-(+)-抗坏血酸组成的高效 DES，摩尔比为 2:1，在提取杜仲叶中的目标化合物（包括环烯醚萜类、酚酸类和黄酮类）方面比 50%甲醇溶液更有效。考虑到提取效果和时间消耗，选择了微波辅助提取（MAE），并通过响应面法（RSM）优化了操作条件，包括微波功率、液固比和辐射时间。用水作为抗溶剂从 DES 中回收十种目标分析物，回收率分别为 97.59%、94.91%、96.09%、90.66%、95.16%、87.33%、86.57%、82.15%、89.28%和 80.75%，分别为桃叶珊瑚苷（EU）、梓醇（AU）、京尼平酸（GA）、绿原酸（CA）、异槲皮苷（AP）、芦丁（RU）、山奈酚-3-O-桑布双糖苷（KS）、异槲皮苷（IQ）、山奈酚-3-O-芦丁苷（KR）和白杨素（AS）。通过结合基于 DES 的 MAE 和多组分单标记定量分析（QAMS）方法，测定了杜仲叶中十种化合物的含量，以阐明次生代谢物积累与收获期的关系。结果表明，主要成分的含量在 5 月至 10 月达到最高。这一时期似乎是杜仲叶的最佳收获期。本研究为杜仲叶的收获、加工和质量控制提供了一种新的策略。
