College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Hunan University of Science and Engineering, Yongzhou 425199, China.
Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center for Comprehensive Development and Utilization of Biomass Resources, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Hunan University of Science and Engineering, Yongzhou 425199, China.
Molecules. 2024 Feb 5;29(3):737. doi: 10.3390/molecules29030737.
To increase the effectiveness of using typical biomass waste as a resource, iridoids, chlorogenic acid, and flavonoids from the waste biomass of leaves (EULs) were extracted by deep eutectic solvents (DESs) in conjunction with macroporous resin. To optimize the extract conditions, the experiment of response surface was employed with the single-factor of DES composition molar ratio, liquid-solid ratio, water percentage, extraction temperature, and extraction time. The findings demonstrated that the theoretical simulated extraction yield of chlorogenic acid (CGA), geniposidic acid (GPA), aucubin (AU), geniposide (GP), rutin (RU), and isoquercetin (IQU) were 42.8, 137.2, 156.7, 5.4, 13.5, and 12.8 mg/g, respectively, under optimal conditions (hydrogen bond donor-hydrogen bond acceptor molar ratio of 1.96, liquid-solid ratio of 28.89 mL/g, water percentage of 38.44%, temperature of 317.36 K, and time of 55.59 min). Then, 12 resins were evaluated for their adsorption and desorption capabilities for the target components, and the HPD950 resin was found to operate at its optimum. Additionally, the HPD950 resin demonstrated significant sustainability and considerable potential in the recyclability test. Finally, the hypoglycemic in vitro, hypolipidemic in vitro, immunomodulatory, and anti-inflammatory effects of EUL extract were evaluated, and the correlation analysis of six active components with biological activity and physicochemical characteristics of DESs by heatmap were discussed. The findings of this study can offer a theoretical foundation for the extraction of valuable components by DESs from waste biomass, as well as specific utility benefits for the creation and development of natural products.
为了提高典型生物质废物作为资源的利用效率，采用深共晶溶剂（DESs）结合大孔树脂从树叶（EULs）废物生物质中提取了环烯醚萜类、绿原酸和类黄酮。为了优化提取条件，采用响应面实验对 DES 组成摩尔比、液固比、水百分比、提取温度和提取时间等单因素进行了实验。结果表明，在最佳条件下（氢键供体-氢键受体摩尔比为 1.96、液固比为 28.89 mL/g、水百分比为 38.44%、温度为 317.36 K、时间为 55.59 min），绿原酸（CGA）、京尼平酸（GPA）、桃叶珊瑚苷（AU）、栀子苷（GP）、芦丁（RU）和异槲皮苷（IQU）的理论模拟提取产率分别为 42.8、137.2、156.7、5.4、13.5 和 12.8 mg/g。然后，评价了 12 种树脂对目标成分的吸附和解吸能力，发现 HPD950 树脂的吸附和解吸能力最佳。此外，HPD950 树脂在可回收性测试中表现出显著的可持续性和相当大的潜力。最后，评价了 EUL 提取物的体外降血糖、降血脂、免疫调节和抗炎作用，并通过热图讨论了 6 种活性成分与生物活性和 DESs 理化特性的相关性分析。本研究的结果可为 DESs 从废生物质中提取有价值成分提供理论基础，为天然产物的创制和开发提供特定的实用效益。
