Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Psychiatry Unit, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit of Bioinformatics and Computer Science, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
J Community Psychol. 2022 Jul;50(5):2243-2259. doi: 10.1002/jcop.22772. Epub 2021 Dec 12.
The present study aimed to investigate the personal well-being and family distress of Italian caregivers during the lockdown. Five hundred sixty-five family caregivers and 638 age- and sex-matched noncaregivers completed a web-based survey. The following scales were administered to all participants: General Health Questionnaire-12 items (GHQ-12), Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Brief Resilient Coping Scale (BRCS), and Family Distress Index (FDI). Caregivers were also asked to provide information about their family members with disabilities. Individual and family distress, as well as insomnia, were significantly higher in caregivers than controls. Contrariwise, caregivers reported lower resilience levels. Multiple linear regression showed that distress was higher in caregivers living in Central and Southern Italy. Individual well-being was negatively predicted by low independence measured by the activities of daily living (ADL). Family distress was higher in households of psychiatric patients. Finally, low resilience levels appeared as the strongest predictors of both individual and family distress. The lockdown caused severe distress among caregivers and families of people with disabilities. Support networks for people with disabilities and their families are fundamental to prevent severe consequences from a psychological, social, and economical point of view.
本研究旨在调查封锁期间意大利护理人员的个人幸福感和家庭困扰。565 名家庭护理人员和 638 名年龄和性别匹配的非护理人员完成了一项网络调查。所有参与者都接受了以下量表的评估：12 项一般健康问卷（GHQ-12）、失眠严重程度指数（ISI）、简要韧性应对量表（BRCS）和家庭困扰指数（FDI）。护理人员还被要求提供有关其残疾家庭成员的信息。与对照组相比，护理人员的个体和家庭困扰以及失眠程度显著更高。相反，护理人员报告的适应力水平较低。多元线性回归显示，生活在意大利中部和南部的护理人员的困扰程度更高。由日常生活活动（ADL）衡量的低独立性预示着个体幸福感降低。精神疾病患者家庭的家庭困扰程度更高。最后，较低的适应力水平似乎是个体和家庭困扰的最强预测因素。封锁给残疾人和他们的家庭带来了严重的困扰。为了从心理、社会和经济角度预防严重后果，为残疾人和他们的家庭提供支持网络至关重要。
