Postgraduate Program in Food and Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Paraná, Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil.
Course of Nutrition, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
Nutr Clin Pract. 2022 Aug;37(4):896-906. doi: 10.1002/ncp.10795. Epub 2021 Dec 13.
The effectiveness of home enteral nutrition depends on the supply and delivery of the prescribed nutrients. This study compared the macronutrient and energy values of home-prepared enteral tube feeding analyzed in the laboratory with the same information calculated from labels and food composition tables.
A total of 107 enteral formulations were analyzed: 66 commercial enteral formulas (CEFs), 19 homemade enteral preparations, and 22 blended enteral preparations (BEPs). The values of macronutrients and energy and the ratio between the values found in the laboratory and the calculated values were all evaluated. The tolerance limit of acceptable variation was 20%. The results were subjected to chemometric methods using principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA).
In the three categories of the enteral formulations, the calculated values for protein and fat were higher than those obtained in the laboratory. The calculated values for energy were higher than those obtained in the laboratory for the BEPs and CEFs. The CEFs had the highest percentage within the limit of acceptable variation for carbohydrate and protein, whereas the BEPs presented the lowest values for fat and energy. In the exploratory analysis of data using PCA and HCA, it was possible to verify similarities and discrepancies between the enteral formulations analyzed in the laboratory with those calculated from the labels and food composition tables.
The enteral formulations showed differences between the values of macronutrients and energy analyzed in the laboratory and those calculated from labels and/or food composition tables.
家庭肠内营养的有效性取决于所提供和输送的规定营养素。本研究比较了实验室分析的家庭制备肠内管饲的宏量营养素和能量值与标签和食物成分表计算的相同信息。
共分析了 107 种肠内配方：66 种商业肠内配方（CEF）、19 种家庭自制肠内制剂和 22 种混合肠内制剂（BEP）。评估了宏量营养素和能量的值以及在实验室发现的值与计算值之间的比值。可接受变化的公差限值为 20%。使用主成分分析（PCA）和层次聚类分析（HCA）对结果进行化学计量学方法分析。
在三种肠内制剂类别中，蛋白质和脂肪的计算值高于实验室获得的值。对于 BEP 和 CEF，能量的计算值高于实验室获得的值。CEF 碳水化合物和蛋白质的可接受变化范围内的百分比最高，而 BEP 的脂肪和能量值最低。使用 PCA 和 HCA 对数据进行探索性分析，可验证实验室分析的肠内制剂与标签和/或食物成分表计算的值之间的相似性和差异。
肠内制剂在实验室分析的宏量营养素和能量值与标签和/或食物成分表计算的值之间存在差异。
