Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Scien-ces, Shenyang 110016, China.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao. 2021 Nov 15;32(11):3953-3960. doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202111.022.
We examined the effects of nitrification inhibitors (NIs) on soil nitrification, maize yield and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), aiming to screen out high efficiency stabilized ammonium chloride fertilizer in red soil. Nitrification inhibitors 2-chloro-6-trimethyl-pyridine (CP), 3, 4-dimethyl-pyrazolate phosphate (DMPP), and dicyandiamide (DCD) and their combinations were added into ammonium chloride (NHCl) to make six stabilized nitrogen fertilizers. With blank (CK) and NHCl (N) as the controls, we conducted a maize pot experiment with the same amount of nitrogen addition. The results showed that compared with the treatment of N, soil ammonium content in CP+DMPP and DMPP+DCD increased by 56%-62%, which was significantly higher than that in CP, DMPP, and DCD, while the apparent nitrification rate of red soil was significantly reduced by 33%-34%. All the six treatments with nitrification inhibitors and their combinations significantly improved biomass and nitrogen absorption efficiency of maize. Compared with the N treatment, the application of adding NIs alone was significantly higher than that of the treatments of NIs combinations, with an average of 1.3 times increase. DCD was the most efficient one in improving maize yield, nitrogen uptake, and nitrogen adsorption efficiency, which increased by 4.1, 6.3 and 4.4 times, respectively. Comprehensively, DCD performed the best in reducing cost and improving yield and nitrogen use efficiency in red soil.
我们研究了硝化抑制剂（NIs）对土壤硝化作用、玉米产量和氮素利用效率（NUE）的影响，旨在筛选出红壤中高效稳定的氯化铵肥料。硝化抑制剂 2-氯-6-三甲基吡啶（CP）、3,4-二甲基吡唑磷酸盐（DMPP）和双氰胺（DCD）及其组合被添加到氯化铵（NHCl）中，制成六种稳定的氮肥。以空白（CK）和 NHCl（N）为对照，我们进行了相同氮添加量的玉米盆栽试验。结果表明，与 N 处理相比，CP+DMPP 和 DMPP+DCD 处理的土壤铵态氮含量增加了 56%-62%，明显高于 CP、DMPP 和 DCD，而红壤的表硝化率则显著降低了 33%-34%。所有添加硝化抑制剂及其组合的处理均显著提高了玉米的生物量和氮吸收效率。与 N 处理相比，单独添加 NIs 的处理的应用明显高于 NIs 组合的处理，平均增加了 1.3 倍。DCD 在提高玉米产量、氮吸收和氮吸附效率方面的效果最为显著，分别提高了 4.1、6.3 和 4.4 倍。综合来看，DCD 在降低成本和提高红壤产量和氮素利用效率方面表现最佳。
