住院可卡因使用者提前出院的预测因素。
Early discharge predictors among inpatients crack cocaine users.
机构信息
Centro de Pesquisa em Álcool e Drogas, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Centro de Pesquisa em Álcool e Drogas, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
出版信息
Trends Psychiatry Psychother. 2023;45:e20210401. doi: 10.47626/2237-6089-2021-0401. Epub 2021 Dec 11.
INTRODUCTION
High rates of early hospital discharge are often observed in crack cocaine users and are related to adverse outcomes and increased public spending. This study evaluated clinical and sociodemographic factors associated with early treatment discharge among crack users.
METHODS
The sample comprised 308 men diagnosed with crack cocaine use disorder (crack only), aged 18 to 65 years, admitted between 2013 and 2017 to a male-only hospital unit to treat substance use disorders. Sociodemographic and clinical data were obtained using the Addiction Severity Index, 6th version, and a Sociodemographic Questionnaire.
RESULTS
Early discharge (within 7 days) was significantly associated with lack of own income, insufficient family support, being single, and recent homelessness. Regarding drug use, lower treatment retention was related to younger age of crack use onset, recent alcohol use, and nicotine use. Factors such as age, skin color, and educational level showed no relation to the outcome.
CONCLUSION
Our findings suggest that presence of characteristics verifiable at the time of admission may be related to crack users' treatment retention. Identification of these factors can contribute to target interventions in order to improve treatment adherence in crack cocaine users.
引言
在可卡因吸食者中，经常观察到早期出院率较高的情况，这与不良后果和增加公共支出有关。本研究评估了与可卡因使用者早期治疗出院相关的临床和社会人口学因素。
方法
该样本包括 308 名被诊断为可卡因使用障碍（仅可卡因）的男性，年龄在 18 至 65 岁之间，于 2013 年至 2017 年期间入住一家仅限男性的医院病房，以治疗物质使用障碍。使用成瘾严重程度指数第六版和社会人口学问卷获得社会人口学和临床数据。
结果
早期出院（7 天内）与缺乏自有收入、家庭支持不足、单身和最近无家可归显著相关。在药物使用方面，较低的治疗保留率与可卡因使用起始年龄较年轻、最近饮酒和尼古丁使用有关。年龄、肤色和教育水平等因素与结果无关。
结论
我们的研究结果表明，入院时可验证的特征的存在可能与可卡因使用者的治疗保留有关。识别这些因素有助于针对干预措施，以提高可卡因吸食者的治疗依从性。
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