School of Social Work and Department of Community Health, Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse. 2010 Jul;36(4):181-6. doi: 10.3109/00952990.2010.491877.
The question of whether crack cocaine use is associated with increased violence compared to powdered cocaine use has not been adequately explored in large nationally representative general population samples.
This study used data from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC) to 1) determine the comparative prevalences of violent behaviors among crack cocaine users and powdered cocaine users, 2) examine these differences while controlling for sociodemographic variables, lifetime psychiatric, alcohol and drug use disorders (a majority of cocaine users use other substances), and levels of crack cocaine and powdered cocaine use.
The likelihood of violence associated with crack cocaine users was greater compared to powdered cocaine users at the bivariate level. However, these differences were almost uniformly statistically nonsignificant when demographic, mood and non-cocaine substance use disorders were controlled for.
The substantial attenuation of the association of crack cocaine use with violence after adjustment suggests that the sociodemographic characteristics, psychiatric variables, and non-cocaine substance use disorders that make some individuals more likely to use crack cocaine than powder cocaine are responsible for the increased prevalence of violence observed among crack users, rather than crack itself.
关于吸食快克可卡因是否比吸食可卡因粉更易导致暴力行为，这一问题尚未在大规模全国代表性普通人群样本中得到充分探究。
本研究使用了来自国家酒精和相关条件流行病学调查（NESARC）的数据，目的是：1）确定快克可卡因使用者和可卡因粉使用者之间暴力行为的相对流行率，2）在控制社会人口统计学变量、终身精神疾病、酒精和药物使用障碍（大多数可卡因使用者同时使用其他物质）以及快克可卡因和可卡因粉使用水平的情况下，检验这些差异。
在双变量水平上，与可卡因粉使用者相比，快克可卡因使用者发生暴力行为的可能性更大。然而，当控制了人口统计学、情绪和非可卡因物质使用障碍等因素后，这些差异几乎在统计学上均无显著性。
在调整后，快克可卡因使用与暴力之间的关联明显减弱，这表明导致一些人更倾向于使用快克可卡因而不是可卡因粉的社会人口统计学特征、精神变量以及非可卡因物质使用障碍，是导致观察到的快克使用者暴力行为发生率增加的原因，而非快克可卡因本身。
