da Cunha Silvia Mendes, Araujo Renata Brasil, Bizarro Lisiane
Instituto de Psicologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Trends Psychiatry Psychother. 2015 Jul-Sep;37(3):126-32. doi: 10.1590/2237-6089-2014-0043.
Crack cocaine use is associated with polydrug abuse, and inpatients dependent on crack exhibit profiles of serious consumption patterns. Use of alcohol and tobacco and other drugs is a risk factor for experimentation of additional drugs, including crack cocaine.
The present study describes the characteristics and crack consumption patterns among inpatients in treatment during 2011 and 2012 at the Hospital Psiquiátrico São Pedro (Porto Alegre, Brazil). An additional objective was to identify the sequence of alcohol and tobacco consumption prior to crack use.
The participants were 53 male inpatients addicted to crack with a mean age of 27.5±7.3 years. A sociodemographic questionnaire; the Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test and the Mini Mental State Examination were all administered to participants. Inclusion criteria were crack cocaine dependency (based on the 10th edition of the International Classification of Diseases [ICD-10]) and being abstinent for 7 days. Patients with cognitive difficulties who were unable to understand and/or respond to the questionnaires were excluded from the sample.
The participants were young male adults with low educational level and low incomes and were polydrug users. The majority had made more than one attempt to quit. Use of legal drugs in early adolescence, prior to crack use, was identified.
The profiles of the inpatients addicted to crack treated at this hospital indicate a serious usage pattern among those who seek specialized support. Crack use is frequent and is associated with use of other drugs and with difficulty sustaining abstinence. The pattern of progression from alcohol and tobacco use to crack cocaine dependency demands the attention of those responsible for prevention policies.
吸食强效纯可卡因与多种药物滥用有关，依赖强效纯可卡因的住院患者呈现出严重的消费模式。饮酒、吸烟及使用其他药物是尝试使用包括强效纯可卡因在内的其他药物的一个风险因素。
本研究描述了2011年和2012年在巴西阿雷格里港圣佩德罗精神病医院接受治疗的住院患者的特征及强效纯可卡因消费模式。另一个目的是确定在开始吸食强效纯可卡因之前饮酒和吸烟的顺序。
参与者为53名对强效纯可卡因上瘾的男性住院患者，平均年龄为27.5±7.3岁。对参与者进行了社会人口统计学问卷调查、酒精、吸烟及物质使用情况筛查测试和简易精神状态检查表。纳入标准为对强效纯可卡因成瘾（基于《国际疾病分类》第10版[ICD - 10]）且已禁欲7天。无法理解和/或回答问卷的认知困难患者被排除在样本之外。
参与者为年轻成年男性，教育水平低且收入低，是多种药物使用者。大多数人曾不止一次尝试戒毒。确定了在开始吸食强效纯可卡因之前的青春期早期使用合法药物的情况。
在这家医院接受治疗的对强效纯可卡因上瘾的住院患者的情况表明，在寻求专业支持的人群中存在严重的使用模式。强效纯可卡因的使用很常见，且与使用其他药物及难以维持禁欲有关。从饮酒和吸烟发展到对强效纯可卡因成瘾的模式需要负责预防政策的人员予以关注。
