School of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales (UNSW).
School of Psychology, Faculty of Science, University of New South Wales (UNSW).
Psychol Bull. 2021 Aug;147(8):828-866. doi: 10.1037/bul0000260.
Schizotypy refers to a multidimensional construct that spans a range of cognitive, behavioral, and personality features, representing liability to psychosis on a continuum between health and illness. Schizotypy has been associated with functional and structural brain alterations as potential intermediate phenotypes on the developmental path to psychosis. We scanned the literature between February 2019 and August 1, 2020 using PubMed, Medline, APA PsycINFO, and ProQuest. We identified eligible articles conducted on participants assessed with psychometric schizotypy across the health-illness spectrum and reporting a direct statistic between schizotypy and a structural, task-related, or functional magnetic resonance imaging brain measure. Articles not peer-reviewed and not written in English were excluded. We systematically reviewed 84 studies that determined the changes in gray matter, brain activation, and connectivity associated with schizotypy in both healthy and clinical cohorts. Morphological and functional changes in the default and the frontoparietal networks, specifically frontal and temporal cortices, were most frequently associated with schizotypy. Yet, we were unable to identify consistent patterns of morphological or functional brain aberration associated with schizotypy, due to methodological differences between studies in the conceptualization and measurement of schizotypy. Efforts toward greater methodological concordance in future neuroimaging research of schizotypy are needed to improve the identification of brain-based endophenotypes for schizophrenia. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
精神分裂症特质是一种多维结构，涵盖认知、行为和人格特征，代表着从健康到疾病的精神分裂症发病连续体上的易感性。精神分裂症特质与大脑功能和结构改变有关，是精神分裂症发展过程中的潜在中间表型。我们在 2019 年 2 月至 2020 年 8 月 1 日期间，使用 PubMed、Medline、APA PsycINFO 和 ProQuest 等数据库对文献进行了扫描。我们确定了符合条件的文章，这些文章的参与者使用精神分裂症特质量表进行评估，涵盖了健康和疾病谱，并报告了精神分裂症特质与结构、任务相关或功能磁共振成像脑测量之间的直接统计数据。未经过同行评审且不是英文撰写的文章被排除在外。我们系统地回顾了 84 项研究，这些研究确定了与健康和临床队列中的精神分裂症特质相关的灰质、大脑激活和连接的变化。默认和额顶叶网络（特别是额叶和颞叶皮层）的形态和功能变化与精神分裂症特质最常相关。然而，由于研究在精神分裂症特质的概念化和测量方面存在方法学差异，我们无法确定与精神分裂症特质相关的形态或功能大脑异常的一致模式。需要在未来的精神分裂症神经影像学研究中努力实现更大的方法学一致性，以提高对精神分裂症基于大脑的内表型的识别。（PsycInfo 数据库记录（c）2021 APA，保留所有权利）。
