Ivaz Jelena S, Stojadinović Saša S, Petrović Dejan V, Stojković Pavle Z
University of Belgrade, Technical Faculty in Bor, Underground Mining Department, VJ 12, 19210 Bor, Serbia.
Saf Health Work. 2021 Dec;12(4):479-489. doi: 10.1016/j.shaw.2021.07.004. Epub 2021 Jul 13.
During 2011, a study was undertaken to assess safety conditions in Serbian underground coalmines by analysis of injury data. The study covered all Serbian coalmines, identified week spots from the aspect of safety, and recommended possible courses of action. Since then, Serbia has made changes to safety and health legislation; all coalmines introduced new preventive measures, adopted international standards, and made procedures for risk management. After 10 years a new study has been performed to analyze the impact of these changes.
In this study, the injuries that have occurred in the Serbian underground coal mines over the last 20 years were analyzed. Statistical data analysis was performed by IBM SPSS Statistics v23. The injuries that occurred in the last ten years were compared with the results of the previous study (2000-2009). The average values of injury rates for both periods were compared for each of the categories (severity, age, body part, qualification), and the results were presented as absolute difference or percentile difference.
The results showed reduction in the number of injuries in the category of 20-30 years old workers, where the new training procedures for workers, which were set by mandatory legal regulations, certainly contributed. They also showed an increase in the number of injuries in the category of old workers, which indicates that the law did not have a positive effect on this category.
The total number of injuries is still high; therefore, it is necessary to introduce mechanization and automation in mines and have a better policy for older workers who retire later nowadays.
2011年，通过对伤害数据的分析开展了一项研究，以评估塞尔维亚地下煤矿的安全状况。该研究涵盖了塞尔维亚所有煤矿，从安全方面识别出薄弱环节，并推荐了可能的行动方案。从那时起，塞尔维亚对安全与健康立法进行了修订；所有煤矿都采取了新的预防措施，采用了国际标准，并制定了风险管理程序。10年后，又进行了一项新的研究，以分析这些变化的影响。
在本研究中，分析了塞尔维亚地下煤矿过去20年发生的伤害情况。使用IBM SPSS Statistics v23进行统计数据分析。将过去十年发生的伤害情况与先前研究（2000 - 2009年）的结果进行比较。对每个类别（严重程度、年龄、身体部位、资质）两个时期的伤害率平均值进行比较，结果以绝对差值或百分位数差值表示。
结果显示，20至30岁工人类别中的伤害数量有所减少，这肯定得益于强制性法律法规规定的新工人培训程序。结果还显示老年工人类别中的伤害数量有所增加，这表明该法律对这一类别没有产生积极影响。
伤害总数仍然很高；因此，有必要在煤矿引入机械化和自动化，并为如今延迟退休的老年工人制定更好的政策。
