Wu Jianhua, Wu Xiaomei, Zhang Han, Zhang Xiaoguang, Zhang Jie, Liu Yanqiu, Liu Jun, Lu Lu, Zhang Song, Zhang Guisen, Liu Lei
Inner Mongolia Chaoju Eye Hospital, Inner Mongolia Chaoju Institute of Eye Disease Control, Hohhot, China.
Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Center of Evidence-Based Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
Front Med (Lausanne). 2021 Nov 25;8:788545. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2021.788545. eCollection 2021.
Dry eye disease (DED) is projected to have increasing public health burden in China with the aging population. No published studies on the epidemiology of DED have been found in grasslands. We estimated DED prevalence among older adults living in grasslands of northern China and investigated its associated factors and impact on vision-related quality of life (VR-QoL). A multistage cluster random sampling technique was used to select Mongolian and Han participants aged over 40 from November 2020 to May 2021 in this area. An assessment of DED was performed with Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire, Schirmer's I test (ST), and Tear film break up time (TBUT). All the participants completed the Chinese version of National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire (NEI-VFQ-25) assessing VR-QoL. Of the 1,400 enumerated residents, 1,287 were examined. The overall age and gender standardized prevalence of DED was 34.5%, of which, 32.6% of Mongolian and 35.4% of Han had DED. In a multivariate model, statistically significant associations were found with advancing age [odds ratio (OR) 1.03, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.02-1.04], female gender (OR 1.32, 95% CI 1.04-1.68), smoking (OR 0.7, 95% CI 0.5-0.98), anti-fatigue eye-drop use (OR 0.56, 95% CI 0.41-0.77), milk product intake (OR 0.55, 95% CI 0.39-0.77), number of household members (OR 0.8, 95% CI 0.72-0.88). DED was associated with lower scores on VR-QoL (β= -0.14, < 0.01). Similar results were observed when analyses were stratified by ethnicity. The novelty-associated factors for DED in the grasslands area were anti-fatigue eye drop use, milk product intake, and number of household members. DED and its components were associated with VR-QoL. Further prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings.
随着人口老龄化，预计干眼病（DED）在中国的公共卫生负担将不断增加。目前尚未发现有关草原地区DED流行病学的已发表研究。我们估计了中国北方草原地区老年人的DED患病率，并调查了其相关因素以及对视力相关生活质量（VR-QoL）的影响。2020年11月至2021年5月，采用多阶段整群随机抽样技术，从该地区选取年龄在40岁以上的蒙古族和汉族参与者。使用眼表疾病指数（OSDI）问卷、Schirmer I试验（ST）和泪膜破裂时间（TBUT）对DED进行评估。所有参与者均完成了评估VR-QoL的中文版国立眼科研究所视觉功能问卷（NEI-VFQ-25）。在1400名登记居民中，1287人接受了检查。DED的总体年龄和性别标准化患病率为34.5%，其中蒙古族为32.6%，汉族为35.4%。在多变量模型中，发现与年龄增长[比值比（OR）1.03，95%置信区间（CI）1.02-1.04]、女性（OR 1.32，95%CI 1.04-1.68）、吸烟（OR 0.7，95%CI 0.5-0.98）、使用抗疲劳眼药水（OR 0.56，95%CI 0.41-0.77）、奶制品摄入量（OR 0.55，95%CI 0.39-0.77）、家庭成员数量（OR 0.8，95%CI 0.72-0.88）存在统计学显著关联。DED与较低的VR-QoL评分相关（β=-0.14，P<0.01）。按种族分层分析时观察到类似结果。草原地区DED的新相关因素为使用抗疲劳眼药水、奶制品摄入量和家庭成员数量。DED及其组成部分与VR-QoL相关。需要进一步的前瞻性研究来证实这些发现。
