Tatara Shunya, Ishii Masako, Nogami Reiko
Department of Orthoptics and Visual Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan.
Department of Vision Science, Kitasato University Graduate School of Medical Science, Sagamihara, Japan.
BMJ Open Ophthalmol. 2021 Nov 23;6(1):e000808. doi: 10.1136/bmjophth-2021-000808. eCollection 2021.
Children with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) often have myopia. Even without ROP, birth weight and refractive state are related immediately after birth, but this relationship is reduced with increasing age. Here, we examined whether refractive state and birth weight were associated in 40-month-old children.
Of 541 children aged 40 months in Tsubame City, Japan, who underwent a medical examination between April 2018 and March 2019, this cross-sectional study enrolled 411 whose birth weights were available (76% of all).We measured the non-cycloplegic refraction using a Spot Vision Screener and correlated this with birth weight. Children were divided into three groups according to normal (2500-3500 g), high (>3500 g) or low (<2500 g) birth weights, and mean differences in spherical equivalent (SE) between the groups were analysed.
The average SE for the right eye was 0.34 D (95% CI 0.28 to 0.40). Average birth weight was 3032.1 g (95% CI 2990.2 to 3073.9). Birth weight did not correlate with SE for the right eye (Pearson's correlation, r=-0.015, p=0.765) or with the degree of anisometropia (Pearson's correlation, r=-0.05, p=0.355). Furthermore, the mean SE showed no significant difference across the three groups of children with different birth weights (one-way analysis of variance, p=0.939).
Data on refractive states and birth weight for 411 children of similar age in one Japanese city were analysed, showing that birth weight did not influence SE, J0, J45 and the absolute degree of anisometropia at about 40 months of age.
早产儿视网膜病变（ROP）患儿常患有近视。即使没有ROP，出生体重与出生后即刻的屈光状态相关，但这种关系会随着年龄增长而减弱。在此，我们研究了40月龄儿童的屈光状态与出生体重之间是否存在关联。
在日本燕市2018年4月至2019年3月期间接受医学检查的541名40月龄儿童中，本横断面研究纳入了411名有出生体重数据的儿童（占总数的76%）。我们使用Spot视力筛查仪测量非散瞳验光，并将其与出生体重进行关联。根据正常出生体重（2500 - 3500克）、高出生体重（>3500克）或低出生体重（<2500克）将儿童分为三组，并分析各组之间等效球镜度（SE）的平均差异。
右眼的平均SE为0.34 D（95%可信区间0.28至0.40）。平均出生体重为3032.1克（95%可信区间2,990.2至3,073.9）。出生体重与右眼的SE（Pearson相关系数，r = -0.015，p = 0.765）或屈光参差程度（Pearson相关系数，r = -0.05，p = 0.355）均无相关性。此外，不同出生体重的三组儿童的平均SE无显著差异（单因素方差分析，p = 0.939）。
分析了日本一个城市中411名年龄相近儿童的屈光状态和出生体重数据，结果表明出生体重在约40月龄时不影响SE、J0、J45以及屈光参差的绝对度数。
