Qasemi Ali, Rahimi Fateh, Katouli Mohammad
Department of Cell and Molecular Biology & Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.
Genecology Research Center and School of Science, Technology and Education,University of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Australia.
Pathog Glob Health. 2022 Dec;116(8):485-497. doi: 10.1080/20477724.2021.2011578. Epub 2021 Dec 14.
Pathogenicity of a bacterium is affected by the social characteristics of the population and environmental factors. The ability of biofilm formation among β-lactamase-producing uropathogenic (UPEC) could facilitate the exchange of antibiotic-resistance genes, which resulted in widespread dissemination of antibacterial drug resistance. We investigated the prevalence of biofilm and β-lactamase producing UPECs among patients with urinary tract infection (UTI) in two cities with different demographics and climates in Iran. A total of 265 was isolated from patients with UTIs from two referral hospitals (n = 191) and two outpatient clinics (n = 74) in Isfahan and Zahedan, Iran. Production of curli and cellulose, and, biofilm formation was investigated using Congo red agar and microtiter plate methods, respectively. Biofilm producing (BFP) isolates (n = 107) were further characterized using rep-PCR, antimicrobial susceptibility testing and extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)/AmpC phenotypic production. Isolates were also screened for the presence of carbapenemase, ESBL and AmpC genes using multiplex PCR. High diversity was found among BFP strains in both cities, with 58% strains producing ESBL and 21% producing AmpC. ESBL (98%), AmpC (50%) and carbapenemase genes (40%) were identified in BFP strains with ESBL-positive phenotype, respectively. The prevalence of BFP strains, antibiotic resistance and β-lactamase genes in Zahedan, a low socioeconomic city with a warm climate, was significantly higher than that of Isfahan. High prevalence of biofilm and β-lactamase producing UPEC strains among strains from Zahedan suggests that socioeconomic status and environmental factors might have a role in pathogenicity of the strains.
细菌的致病性受人群的社会特征和环境因素影响。产β-内酰胺酶的尿路致病性大肠杆菌（UPEC）形成生物膜的能力可促进抗生素耐药基因的交换，从而导致抗菌药物耐药性的广泛传播。我们调查了伊朗两个具有不同人口统计学特征和气候的城市中尿路感染（UTI）患者中产生物膜和产β-内酰胺酶的UPEC的流行情况。从伊朗伊斯法罕和扎黑丹的两家转诊医院（n = 191）和两家门诊诊所（n = 74）的UTI患者中总共分离出265株菌株。分别使用刚果红琼脂法和微量滴定板法研究卷曲菌素和纤维素的产生以及生物膜的形成。使用重复聚合酶链反应（rep-PCR）、抗菌药敏试验和超广谱β-内酰胺酶（ESBL）/AmpC表型产生对产生物膜（BFP）分离株（n = 107）进行进一步鉴定。还使用多重聚合酶链反应筛选分离株中碳青霉烯酶、ESBL和AmpC基因的存在情况。 两个城市的BFP菌株均具有高度多样性，58%的菌株产ESBL，21%的菌株产AmpC。在具有ESBL阳性表型的BFP菌株中分别鉴定出ESBL（98%）、AmpC（50%）和碳青霉烯酶基因（40%）。扎黑丹是一个社会经济水平较低且气候温暖的城市，其BFP菌株的流行率、抗生素耐药性和β-内酰胺酶基因显著高于伊斯法罕。扎黑丹菌株中产生物膜和产β-内酰胺酶的UPEC菌株的高流行率表明社会经济地位和环境因素可能在这些菌株的致病性中起作用。
