Dhimish Mahmoud, Lazaridis Pavlos I
Department of Electronic Engineering, University of York, Heslington, YO10 5DD, York, UK.
Department of Engineering and Technology, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, HD1 3DH, UK.
Sci Rep. 2021 Dec 14;11(1):23961. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-03498-z.
In recent years, solar cell cracks have been a topic of interest to industry because of their impact on performance deterioration. Therefore, in this work, we investigate the correlation of four crack modes and their effects on the temperature of the solar cell, well known as hotspot. We divided the crack modes to crack free (mode 1), micro-crack (mode 2), shaded area (mode 3), and breakdown (mode 4). Using a dataset of 12 different solar cell samples, we have found that there are no hotspots detected for a solar cell affected by modes 1 or 2. However, we discovered that the solar cell is likely to have hotspots if affected by crack mode 3 or 4, with an expected increase in the temperature from 25[Formula: see text]C to 100[Formula: see text]C. Additionally, we have noticed that an increase in the shading ratio in solar cells can cause severe hotspots. For this reason, we observed that the worst-case scenario for a hotspot to develop is at shading ratios of 40% to 60%, with an identified increase in the cell temperature from 25[Formula: see text]C to 105[Formula: see text]C.
近年来，由于太阳能电池裂缝对性能恶化的影响，一直是业界关注的话题。因此，在这项工作中，我们研究了四种裂缝模式的相关性及其对太阳能电池温度的影响，即众所周知的热点。我们将裂缝模式分为无裂缝（模式1）、微裂缝（模式2）、阴影区域（模式3）和击穿（模式4）。使用12个不同太阳能电池样本的数据集，我们发现受模式1或模式2影响的太阳能电池未检测到热点。然而，我们发现，如果受裂缝模式3或模式4影响，太阳能电池可能会出现热点，预计温度将从25[公式：见正文]摄氏度升至100[公式：见正文]摄氏度。此外，我们注意到太阳能电池中阴影率的增加会导致严重的热点。因此，我们观察到形成热点的最坏情况是在阴影率为40%至60%时，电池温度从25[公式：见正文]摄氏度升至105[公式：见正文]摄氏度。
