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新西兰人权审查法庭对“羞辱、尊严丧失和情感伤害”损害赔偿的“尊严丧失”诉求。

"Loss of Dignity" in Claims for Damages for "Humiliation, Loss of Dignity and Injury to Feelings" in the Human Rights Review Tribunal of New Zealand.

机构信息

Vida Law; Barrister and Solicitor of the High Court of New Zealand and a Solicitor of the Senior Courts of England and Wales; Health and Disability Law Specialist working as inhouse counsel and as an external advisor; Affiliate of the Law Faculty of the University of Otago.

出版信息

J Law Med. 2021 Dec;28(4):1114-1126.

Abstract

The Human Rights Review Tribunal of New Zealand recently determined that it has the power to award damages for loss of dignity in cases where the person whose rights have been breached does not have the mental capacity to understand that this is the case, or the impact of that breach on their dignity. In defining the meaning of dignity, determining how to assess its loss (by way of an objective rather than subjective test) and categorising the nature of damages for loss of dignity as vindicatory rather than compensatory, the Tribunal broke new ground. However, after analysing the Tribunal's decision, and considering relevant case law, this article concludes that the Tribunal's decision was flawed, and that the legislation only allows for the award of compensatory damages. Legislative change would be required to expand the scope of remedies available to include vindicatory damages.

摘要

新西兰人权审查法庭最近裁定,其有权在权利受到侵犯的人没有能力理解这一点,或者无法理解这种侵犯对其尊严的影响的情况下,因尊严受损而判给损害赔偿。在界定尊严的含义、确定如何评估其损失(采用客观而非主观的测试)以及将尊严受损的损害赔偿性质归类为恢复性而非补偿性赔偿方面,该法庭开辟了新天地。然而,在分析了法庭的裁决并考虑了相关判例法后,本文得出结论,认为法庭的裁决存在缺陷,并且该立法只允许判给补偿性损害赔偿。需要进行立法改革,扩大可获得的补救措施的范围,以包括恢复性损害赔偿。

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