碘缺乏与新生儿甲状腺功能减退症
Iodine deficiency and neonatal hypothyroidism.
作者信息
Kochupillai N, Pandav C S, Godbole M M, Mehta M, Ahuja M M
出版信息
Bull World Health Organ. 1986;64(4):547-51.
The incidence of neonatal hypothyroidism, as reflected in cord-blood thyroxine and thyrotropin levels, varied from 0.6% to 13.3% in iodine-deficient and normal regions of India (selected districts of Uttar Pradesh and Kerala and the city of Delhi), depending on the degree of environmental iodine deficiency. In populations with a high incidence of neonatal hypothyroidism, an increased prevalence of nerve deafness and a shift to the left in the distribution of IQ scores (towards lower scores) have been demonstrated. These indications of mild brain damage suggest that nutritional iodine deficiency can present in other ways than goitre or cretinism. Determination of the incidence of neonatal hypothyroidism using dried cord-blood spot screening appears to be the most useful and reliable method to assess the risk of brain damage in iodine-deficient areas.
根据环境碘缺乏程度，在印度缺碘地区和正常地区（北方邦和喀拉拉邦的选定地区以及德里市），脐带血甲状腺素和促甲状腺激素水平所反映的新生儿甲状腺功能减退症发病率从0.6%到13.3%不等。在新生儿甲状腺功能减退症发病率高的人群中，已证实神经性耳聋患病率增加，智商分数分布向左偏移（趋向低分）。这些轻度脑损伤迹象表明，营养性碘缺乏可能以除甲状腺肿或克汀病之外的其他方式出现。使用干脐带血斑筛查来确定新生儿甲状腺功能减退症的发病率，似乎是评估缺碘地区脑损伤风险最有用和可靠的方法。
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