Kar Sonali, Samantaray P C, Singh Snigdha, Das Bhagawati C
Deapartment of Community Medicine, KIMS, Bhubanswar, Odisha, India.
Project Consultant, Deapartment of Community Medicine, KIMS, Bhubanswar, Odisha, India.
J Family Med Prim Care. 2020 Jul 30;9(7):3411-3415. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_260_20. eCollection 2020 Jul.
Iodized salt is the mainstay intervention to tackle iodine-related disorders. In spite of the government's efforts to make iodized salt available in more than 90% of the households across the country, there are sketchy details on its use. Since the main propagators of this intervention are the mothers cooking in kitchen, this study was conceived, as a corollary to a larger micronutrient assessment study among school-going children.
The aim of this was to assess knowledge, practice of mothers of school-going children (6-16 years) regarding use of iodized salt, and to see any association between the simple psychological testing of the children and the iodine content of the salt used in home kitchen and the contributing factors thereof.
A cross-sectional study was conducted by interviewing mothers of 240 school-going children of age groups 6-11 years and 12-16 years from six schools of Bhubaneswar using a semi-structured questionnaire regarding their knowledge on iodine and its deficiency and the practice of using iodized salt. MBI kit was used to assess the iodine content of salt used at home. The psychology adeptness of students was assessed using the standardized and validated coding, standard progressive matrices, and colored progressive matrices tests.
Analysis was done using SPSS version 16, wherein the sociodemographic data were shown in proportions, and the iodine content was taken as the dependent continuous variable and means reported. For the sake of associations with intelligence and cognition, a binary logistic regression model was drawn.
It reports that 47.5% of mothers knew that iodized salt is good for health and iodine content measured using MBI kit was 15 ppm and above for 71.7% of the sample. Further, iodine content in salt is seen as protective for cognition and also for IQ.
The knowledge of the mothers' needs reinforcement regarding iodine and related disorders and the benefits of iodized salt. The aim of the National Iodine Deficiency Disorders Control Program can only be achieved by generating awareness, regular follow-up, and improving the iodization of salt.
碘盐是应对碘相关疾病的主要干预措施。尽管政府努力使全国90%以上的家庭能够获得碘盐，但其使用情况的细节却很粗略。由于这项干预措施的主要推广对象是在厨房做饭的母亲，因此作为对一项针对学龄儿童的更大规模微量营养素评估研究的补充，开展了本研究。
本研究旨在评估学龄儿童（6至16岁）的母亲关于碘盐使用的知识和实践，并观察儿童的简单心理测试与家庭厨房所用盐的碘含量及其影响因素之间的任何关联。
采用横断面研究，通过半结构化问卷对来自布巴内斯瓦尔六所学校的240名6至11岁和12至16岁学龄儿童的母亲进行访谈，了解她们关于碘及其缺乏症的知识以及碘盐使用实践。使用MBI试剂盒评估家庭所用盐的碘含量。通过标准化和验证的编码、标准渐进矩阵和彩色渐进矩阵测试评估学生的心理适应能力。
使用SPSS 16版进行分析，其中社会人口统计学数据以比例显示，碘含量作为连续的因变量并报告均值。为了与智力和认知建立关联，绘制了二元逻辑回归模型。
报告显示，47.5%的母亲知道碘盐有益健康，使用MBI试剂盒测量的碘含量在71.7%的样本中为15 ppm及以上。此外，盐中的碘含量被视为对认知和智商有保护作用。
母亲们关于碘及相关疾病以及碘盐益处的知识需要加强。只有通过提高认识、定期随访和改善盐的碘化，才能实现国家碘缺乏病控制计划的目标。
