Department of Psychology, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe-shi, Kyoto, Japan.
PLoS One. 2021 Dec 16;16(12):e0261129. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0261129. eCollection 2021.
Audio-visual integration relies on temporal synchrony between visual and auditory inputs. However, differences in traveling and transmitting speeds between visual and auditory stimuli exist; therefore, audio-visual synchrony perception exhibits flexible functions. The processing speed of visual stimuli affects the perception of audio-visual synchrony. The present study examined the effects of visual fields, in which visual stimuli are presented, for the processing of audio-visual temporal synchrony. The point of subjective simultaneity, the temporal binding window, and the rapid recalibration effect were measured using temporal order judgment, simultaneity judgment, and stream/bounce perception, because different mechanisms of temporal processing have been suggested among these three paradigms. The results indicate that auditory stimuli should be presented earlier for visual stimuli in the central visual field than in the peripheral visual field condition in order to perceive subjective simultaneity in the temporal order judgment task conducted in this study. Meanwhile, the subjective simultaneity bandwidth was broader in the central visual field than in the peripheral visual field during the simultaneity judgment task. In the stream/bounce perception task, neither the point of subjective simultaneity nor the temporal binding window differed between the two types of visual fields. Moreover, rapid recalibration occurred in both visual fields during the simultaneity judgment tasks. However, during the temporal order judgment task and stream/bounce perception, rapid recalibration occurred only in the central visual field. These results suggest that differences in visual processing speed based on the visual field modulate the temporal processing of audio-visual stimuli. Furthermore, these three tasks, temporal order judgment, simultaneity judgment, and stream/bounce perception, each have distinct functional characteristics for audio-visual synchrony perception. Future studies are necessary to confirm the effects of compensation regarding differences in the temporal resolution of the visual field in later cortical visual pathways on visual field differences in audio-visual temporal synchrony.
视听整合依赖于视觉和听觉输入之间的时间同步。然而，视觉和听觉刺激的传播速度存在差异；因此，视听同步感知具有灵活的功能。视觉刺激的处理速度会影响视听同步感知。本研究考察了呈现视觉刺激的视野对视听时间同步处理的影响。使用时间顺序判断、同时性判断和流/反弹感知测量了主观同时性、时间绑定窗口和快速重新校准效应，因为这三种范式中提出了不同的时间处理机制。结果表明，为了在本研究中的时间顺序判断任务中感知主观同时性，听觉刺激应该比在中央视野条件下更早地呈现给中央视野中的视觉刺激。同时，在同时性判断任务中，主观同时性带宽在中央视野中比在周边视野中更宽。在流/反弹感知任务中，两个视野之间的主观同时性点和时间绑定窗口没有差异。此外，在同时性判断任务中，两个视野都发生了快速重新校准。然而，在时间顺序判断任务和流/反弹感知中，只有中央视野发生了快速重新校准。这些结果表明，基于视野的视觉处理速度差异调节了视听刺激的时间处理。此外，时间顺序判断、同时性判断和流/反弹感知这三个任务对于视听同步感知具有不同的功能特征。未来的研究有必要证实在后期皮质视觉通路中基于视野的时间分辨率差异的补偿效应对视场差异对视听时间同步的影响。
