Zebdi R, Plateau E, Delalandre A, Vanwalleghem S, Chahed M, Hentati Y, Chaudoye G, Moreau E, Lignier B
UR CLIPSYD, laboratoire EvaCliPsy, université Paris Nanterre, 200, avenue de la République, 92001 Nanterre cedex, France.
Hôpital Raymond Poincaré, 104, boulevard Raymond-Poincaré, 92380 Garches, France.
Encephale. 2022 Dec;48(6):647-652. doi: 10.1016/j.encep.2021.06.021. Epub 2021 Oct 5.
The aim of this study is to understand the changes within families during confinement motivated by the COVID-19 pandemic and to explore the psycho-emotional experiences of children and their parents in this new situation. Confinement necessarily induced significant changes in daily family routines, particularly for work, education, leisure and social activities. In the more vulnerable pediatric population, several authors have warned of the need to consider the impact of lockdown measures during COVID-19 on the psychological impact and well-being.
This is an anonymous online survey with methodology combining quantitative and qualitative analyses. The questions targeted several themes such as life context, emotional experience and the impact on daily habits in children and adolescents, as perceived by parents. Participants are adults and parents of at least one child. They were recruited through social media and email.
A total of 439 parents responded to the questionnaire. The families generally stayed in their usual place of residence and managed to adapt well. On average, the children's level of worry (as estimated by parents) was lower than the level of worry parents attributed to themselves. For the majority, the parents did not observe any change, the psychological state of the children and adolescents was generally stable, but for those who experienced more negative emotions than usual, it was an increase in boredom, irritability and anger. A decrease in the quality of sleep was also observed by a third of the respondents. On the other hand, an increase in autonomy was noted. Regarding the quality of family cohabitation, an important result showed that confinement had improved family relationships for 41% parents but at the expense of usual social ties inducing a feeling of deprivation. Indeed, the participants evoke a lack of "social link" and "social contact with friends". Lack became synonymous with absence, a feeling of loneliness and separation.
Our results confirm European and international data collected in children in countries where strict lockdown measures have been applied. Despite the negative emotions felt in some children, confinement has helped develop new resources in most families. Families seem to have been successful in maintaining a stable and secure routine which has certainly been a protective factor against anxiety. Some reported factors, such as bonding, could be protective factors and constitute good leads in interventions to be offered to children and their families.
本研究旨在了解因新冠疫情实施居家隔离期间家庭内部的变化，并探究在这种新情况下儿童及其父母的心理情绪体验。居家隔离必然导致家庭日常活动发生重大变化，尤其是工作、教育、休闲和社交活动方面。在较为脆弱的儿科人群中，多位作者警告有必要考虑新冠疫情期间封锁措施对心理影响和幸福感的作用。
这是一项采用定量与定性分析相结合方法的匿名在线调查。问题围绕生活背景、情绪体验以及父母所感知的对儿童和青少年日常习惯的影响等多个主题展开。参与者为成年人且是至少一名儿童的父母。他们通过社交媒体和电子邮件招募而来。
共有439名家长回复了问卷。这些家庭大多留在常住地且适应良好。平均而言，（家长估计的）孩子的担忧程度低于家长自身的担忧程度。对于大多数家长来说，他们未观察到任何变化，儿童和青少年的心理状态总体稳定，但对于那些经历了比平常更多负面情绪的孩子，表现为无聊、易怒和愤怒情绪增加。三分之一的受访者还表示睡眠质量下降。另一方面，自主性有所增强。关于家庭同居质量，一项重要结果显示，居家隔离使41%的家长家庭关系得到改善，但代价是牺牲了平常的社会关系，从而产生了一种匮乏感。事实上，参与者提到缺乏“社会联系”和“与朋友的社交接触”。匮乏变成了缺席的同义词，带来孤独和分离感。
我们的结果证实了在实施严格封锁措施国家中收集的有关儿童的欧洲和国际数据。尽管一些儿童有负面情绪，但居家隔离在大多数家庭中有助于开发新的应对能力。家庭似乎成功维持了稳定安全的日常生活，这无疑是抵御焦虑的保护因素。一些报告的因素，如亲密关系，可能是保护因素，并为向儿童及其家庭提供的干预措施提供了良好思路。
