Yacob Desale, Kroon Van Diest Ashley M, Di Lorenzo Carlo
Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
Frontline Gastroenterol. 2020 Oct 19;12(7):629-635. doi: 10.1136/flgastro-2020-101572. eCollection 2021.
Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs), including functional abdominal pain (FAP), account for a large portion of conditions seen by paediatric gastroenterologists. Despite the commonality of FGIDs, there remains significant stigma around these diagnoses among medical providers, patients and families. This is due to the absence of easily identifiable biological markers in FGIDs and the overlay with psychological and social factors contributing to symptom onset and maintenance. As such, the biopsychosocial model is essential in conceptualising, evaluating and treating FGIDs. The way in which medical providers explain FGIDs and the manner in which they collaborate with other specialists (eg, psychologists, dieticians, physical therapists, school nurses) is paramount to the patient and family acceptance of an FGID diagnosis and the success of subsequent treatment. The following review outlines paediatric FGIDs with a focus on FAP in adolescents, in particular within the context of the biopsychosocial approach to pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment.
功能性胃肠疾病（FGIDs），包括功能性腹痛（FAP），在儿科胃肠病学家诊治的疾病中占很大比例。尽管FGIDs很常见，但在医疗服务提供者、患者及其家庭中，这些诊断仍然存在很大的污名化。这是因为FGIDs缺乏易于识别的生物标志物，且症状的发作和持续存在与心理和社会因素交织在一起。因此，生物心理社会模型对于FGIDs的概念化、评估和治疗至关重要。医疗服务提供者解释FGIDs的方式以及他们与其他专科医生（如心理学家、营养师、物理治疗师、学校护士）合作的方式，对于患者及其家庭接受FGID诊断以及后续治疗的成功至关重要。以下综述概述了儿科FGIDs，重点是青少年的FAP，特别是在生物心理社会方法用于病理生理学、诊断和治疗的背景下。
