Department of Global Health, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, 115# Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, China; Global Health Institute, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, 115# Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, China.
Wuhan Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, No.288 Machang Road, Wuhan, China.
Environ Res. 2022 Apr 15;206:112549. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112549. Epub 2021 Dec 14.
Evidence on the associations between long-term exposure to ambient air pollutants (including particle with aerodynamic diameter ≤10 μm (PM), particle with aerodynamic diameter ≤2.5 μm (PM), ozone (O), nitrogen dioxide (NO), and sulfur dioxide (SO)) and prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) remains inconclusive. This study aimed to determine the associations based on a case-control study nested in the Wuhan Chronic Disease Cohort study (WCDCS), a population-based study with baseline survey in 2019.
A total of 10,253 residents living in Wuhan were recruited. The 3-year average concentrations of main pollutants (PM, PM, O, NO, and SO) at residences prior to the survey date were estimated to evaluate the long-term exposures. The generalized linear mixed models were used to investigate the changes in MetS prevalence by an IQR increases in each air pollutant exposure concentrations. Interaction effects between air pollutants and demographic, lifestyle, and dietary factors on MetS were evaluated by including an interactive item in the main model.
The prevalence of MetS in Wuhan was 9.8%, and the 3-year exposure concentrations of PM, PM, O, NO, and SO were 84.1 μg/m, 50.5 μg/m, 55.7 μg/m, 46.0 μg/m, and 9.4 μg/m, respectively. Higher PM, PM and O exposure concentrations were associated with an elevated MetS prevalence (e.g. an IQR increase in PM, OR = 1.193, 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs): 1.028, 1.385; for O, OR = 1.074, 95%CIs: 1.025, 1.124), whereas NO, and SO were negatively or insignificant correlated with odds of Mets (e.g. an IQR increase in NO, OR = 0.865, 95%CIs: 0.795, 0.941). Males, smokers, alcohol drinkers and individuals who intake fruits occasionally exposure to PM and PM were found had a higher risk of developing MetS.
Long-term exposure to higher concentrations of ambient air pollutants may elevate the prevalence of MetS in populations in Central China. Susceptible individuals especially those with unhealthy lifestyles had a higher risk for MetS.
关于长期暴露于环境空气污染物（包括空气动力学直径≤10μm（PM）、空气动力学直径≤2.5μm（PM）、臭氧（O）、二氧化氮（NO）和二氧化硫（SO））与代谢综合征（MetS）患病率之间的关联，证据尚无定论。本研究旨在基于嵌套在武汉慢性病队列研究（WCDCS）中的病例对照研究来确定这些关联，WCDCS 是一项基于人群的研究，基线调查于 2019 年进行。
共招募了 10253 名居住在武汉的居民。在调查日期之前，根据居民住所的 3 年平均污染物（PM、PM、O、NO 和 SO）浓度来估算长期暴露情况。采用广义线性混合模型，通过各污染物暴露浓度每增加一个 IQR 来研究 MetS 患病率的变化。通过在主模型中包含一个交互项，评估了空气污染物与人口统计学、生活方式和饮食因素之间的交互作用对 MetS 的影响。
武汉 MetS 的患病率为 9.8%，3 年 PM、PM、O、NO 和 SO 的暴露浓度分别为 84.1μg/m、50.5μg/m、55.7μg/m、46.0μg/m 和 9.4μg/m。较高的 PM、PM 和 O 暴露浓度与 MetS 患病率升高相关（例如，PM 每增加一个 IQR，OR=1.193，95%置信区间（95%CI）：1.028，1.385；对于 O，OR=1.074，95%CI：1.025，1.124），而 NO 和 SO 与 Mets 的几率呈负相关或无显著相关性（例如，NO 每增加一个 IQR，OR=0.865，95%CI：0.795，0.941）。暴露于 PM 和 PM 的男性、吸烟者、饮酒者和偶尔摄入水果的个体，发生 MetS 的风险更高。
长期暴露于较高浓度的环境空气污染物可能会使中国中部地区人群的 MetS 患病率升高。易感人群，尤其是生活方式不健康的人群，患 MetS 的风险更高。
