Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia.
Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia.
Trends Genet. 2022 Apr;38(4):325-332. doi: 10.1016/j.tig.2021.11.005. Epub 2021 Dec 14.
N6-methyladenosine or mA modification to mRNAs is now recognised as a key regulator of gene expression and protein translation. The fate of mA-modified mRNAs is decoded by mA readers, mostly found in the cytoplasm, except for the nuclear-localised YTHDC1. While earlier studies have implicated YTHDC1-mA functions in alternative splicing and mRNA export, recent literature has expanded its close association to the chromatin-associated, noncoding and regulatory RNAs to fine-tune transcription and gene expression in cells. Here, we summarise current progress in the study of YTHDC1 function in cells, highlighting its multiple modes of action in regulating gene expression, and propose the formation of YTHDC1 nuclear condensates as a general mechanism that underlies its diverse functions in the nucleus.
N6-甲基腺苷（m6A）修饰是一种 mRNA 上的关键调控元件，其可影响基因表达和蛋白翻译。m6A 修饰的 mRNA 命运由 m6A 阅读器解码，这些阅读器大多存在于细胞质中，核定位的 YTHDC1 蛋白除外。虽然早期的研究表明 YTHDC1-m6A 功能与可变剪接和 mRNA 输出有关，但最近的文献表明它与染色质相关的非编码和调控 RNA 密切相关，以精细调节细胞中的转录和基因表达。在这里，我们总结了 YTHDC1 在细胞中功能的最新研究进展，强调了其在调节基因表达方面的多种作用方式，并提出了 YTHDC1 核凝聚的形成作为其在细胞核中多种功能的一般机制。
