Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Polytechnic Education and Community College, Ministry of Higher Education, 62100, Putrajaya, Malaysia.
Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
Chemosphere. 2022 Mar;290:133319. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133319. Epub 2021 Dec 16.
The contamination of aquaculture products and effluents by contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) from the direct chemical use in aquaculture activities or surrounding industries is currently an issue of increasing concern as these CECs exert acute and chronic effects on living organisms. CECs have been detected in aquaculture water, sediment, and culture species, and antibiotics, antifoulants, and disinfectants are the commonly detected groups. Through accumulation, CECs can reside in the tissue of aquaculture products and eventually consumed by humans. Currently, effluents containing CECs are discharged to the surrounding environment while producing sediments that eventually contaminate rivers as receiving bodies. The rearing (grow-out) stages of aquaculture activities are issues regarding CECs-contamination in aquaculture covering water, sediment, and aquaculture products. Proper regulations should be imposed on all aquaculturists to control chemical usage and ensure compliance to guidelines for appropriate effluent treatment. Several techniques for treating aquaculture effluents contaminated by CECs have been explored, including adsorption, wetland construction, photocatalysis, filtration, sludge activation, and sedimentation. The challenges imposed by CECs on aquaculture activities are discussed for the purpose of obtaining insights into current issues and providing future approaches for resolving associated problems. Stakeholders, such as researchers focusing on environment and aquaculture, are expected to benefit from the presented results in this article. In addition, the results may be useful in establishing aquaculture-related CECs regulations, assessing toxicity to living biota, and preventing pollution.
养殖产品和废水受新兴关注污染物（CECs）的污染，这些污染物来自水产养殖活动或周边行业的直接化学使用，对生物产生急性和慢性影响，这是一个日益引起关注的问题。CECs 已在水产养殖用水、沉积物和养殖物种中被检出，抗生素、防污剂和消毒剂是常见的检出物。通过积累，CECs 可以存在于养殖产品的组织中，并最终被人类摄入。目前，含有 CECs 的废水被排放到周围环境中，同时产生的沉积物最终会污染作为接受体的河流。水产养殖活动的养殖（生长）阶段是水产养殖中涉及水、沉积物和养殖产品中 CECs 污染的问题。应该对所有水产养殖者实施适当的法规，以控制化学品的使用，并确保遵守适当的废水处理准则。已经探索了几种处理受 CECs 污染的水产养殖废水的技术，包括吸附、湿地建设、光催化、过滤、污泥活化和沉淀。为了深入了解当前的问题并为解决相关问题提供未来的方法，讨论了 CECs 对水产养殖活动的挑战。环境和水产养殖研究人员等利益相关者有望从本文提出的结果中受益。此外，这些结果可用于制定水产养殖相关 CECs 法规、评估对生物群的毒性以及防止污染。
