Institute of Markets and Competition, Collegium of Business Administration, Warsaw School of Economics, Warsaw, Poland.
Rocz Panstw Zakl Hig. 2021;72(4):361-372. doi: 10.32394/rpzh.2021.0183.
Globalisation is the direct or indirect source and cause of many economic, social, political and cultural processes and phenomena. These processes also affect agribusiness and food production. One of the important developments in recent decades is the ever-increasing scale of food adulteration. Its consequence is a reduction in the level of food safety, both in its health and economic aspects. The latter is due to the presence of impaired, or even adulterated, food on the market, which exposes consumers to non-equivalent exchanges. Sectors particularly vulnerable to these illegal trade practices include meat and fish products.
The aim of the article is to identify the dominating methods/categories of food adulteration using the example of the Polish market for the food production sectors of meat and fish.
The research was conducted using data from the Agricultural and Food Quality Inspection (AFQI), the official food control institution responsible for quality and food adulteration controls in Poland. The study covered the period from 2010 to 2020.
Research has shown an exceptionally significant level and diversity of methods of adulterating meat and fish products. These products are adulterate much more often than other food products. The conducted research has shown many methods and ways of adulterating both meat and fish products. It is worth emphasizing that the greater concentration of counterfeiting methods concerns meat products. The study revealed an extremely significant variety of adulterating methods for meat and fish products, significantly beyond those typically cited in the literature.
The results of the research indicate the need to intensify official food controls on the Polish market. In particular, this should apply to the group of meat and fish products due to their high level of adulteration.
全球化是许多经济、社会、政治和文化进程和现象的直接或间接来源和原因。这些进程也影响到农业综合企业和食品生产。近几十年来的一个重要发展是食品掺假的规模不断扩大。其后果是食品安全水平下降，无论是在健康方面还是在经济方面。后者是由于市场上存在受损甚至掺假的食品，使消费者面临不等价的交换。特别容易受到这些非法贸易行为影响的部门包括肉类和鱼类产品。
本文的目的是确定食品掺假的主要方法/类别，以波兰肉类和鱼类食品生产部门的市场为例。
本研究使用了来自农业和食品质量检验局（AFQI）的数据，该机构是波兰负责质量和食品掺假控制的官方食品管制机构。研究涵盖了 2010 年至 2020 年期间。
研究表明，肉类和鱼类产品的掺假方法非常显著，而且种类繁多。这些产品比其他食品更容易掺假。进行的研究表明，肉类和鱼类产品存在许多掺假的方法和途径。值得强调的是，肉类产品的假冒方法更为集中。研究揭示了肉类和鱼类产品掺假方法的极大多样性，远远超出了文献中通常提到的方法。
研究结果表明，有必要加强波兰市场的官方食品控制。特别是，由于肉类和鱼类产品掺假水平较高，应特别注意这一组产品。
