Lebowitz R L, Vargas B
AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1987 Mar;148(3):491-5. doi: 10.2214/ajr.148.3.491.
Bladder stones were diagnosed in 22 children and young adults at The Children's Hospital, Boston, from 1969 to 1985. One half of the patients were less than 12 years old (mean, 11.9 years). One or more lithogenic factors were implicated in all but two. The most common causes were the presence of an intravesical foreign body, infection with Proteus (a urea-splitting organism), exstrophy of the bladder, and the presence of intestinal mucosa in the urinary tract. The radiologic features of the stones were not specific, and no special techniques were needed to identify them. Heightened awareness of patients at risk will lead to prompt diagnosis and treatment.
1969年至1985年期间，波士顿儿童医院诊断出22例儿童和青年患有膀胱结石。一半患者年龄小于12岁（平均11.9岁）。除两例外，所有患者均涉及一种或多种致石因素。最常见的病因是膀胱内异物的存在、变形杆菌（一种尿素分解菌）感染、膀胱外翻以及尿路中存在肠黏膜。结石的放射学特征并不特异，无需特殊技术来识别它们。提高对高危患者的认识将有助于及时诊断和治疗。
