Student Affairs Office, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China.
Psychiatr Danub. 2021 Winter;33(4):499-505. doi: 10.24869/psyd.2021.499.
Depression is the primary factor influencing the mental health of adolescents. To explore the psychogenesis mechanism of adolescent depression, the relationships of adolescent depression with insecure attachment and psychological capital were discussed.
A total of 200 depression patients were selected as the research group through the simple sampling method from the adolescents accepting psychological counseling in Wuhan, China, from April to June 2020, and another 200 mentally healthy adolescents were taken as the control group. Positive Psycap Questionnaire (PPQ), Center Epidemiological Studies of Depression (CES-D) scale, and Experiences in Close Relationship (ECR) scale were distributed in the two groups to evaluate their psychological capital, depression, and insecure attachment.
Compared with the control group, the avoidant attachment and anxious attachment scores are higher in the research group, but the score of each dimension of psychological capital and the total score is lower (P<0.05). Avoidant attachment is positively correlated with both anxious attachment and depression and negatively correlated with psychological capital. Anxious attachment shows a positive correlation with depression and a negative correlation with psychological capital. A negative correlation is observed between psychological capital and depression (P<0.05). Incomplete family, left-behind children, psychological capital, each dimension of psychological capital, avoidance attachment and anxious attachment are all independent influencing factors of adolescent depression, among which anxious attachment and avoidant attachment exert significant direct effects on adolescent depression, and psychological capital plays an incomplete mediating role in the relationships of anxious attachment and avoidant attachment with adolescent depression.
Psychological capital can relieve the depression degree, while insecure attachment has a positive predicting effect on adolescent depression, and psychological capital exerts an incomplete mediating effect on the relationship between insecure attachment and adolescent depression.
抑郁是影响青少年心理健康的主要因素。为了探讨青少年抑郁的发病机制，探讨了青少年抑郁与不安全依恋和心理资本的关系。
采用单纯抽样法，于 2020 年 4 月至 6 月从中国武汉接受心理咨询的青少年中选取 200 例抑郁症患者作为研究组，另选取 200 名心理健康的青少年作为对照组。两组均采用积极心理资本问卷（PPQ）、流调中心抑郁量表（CES-D）和亲密关系经历量表（ECR）评估心理资本、抑郁和不安全依恋。
与对照组相比，研究组的回避型依恋和焦虑型依恋得分较高，而心理资本各维度及总分得分较低（P<0.05）。回避型依恋与焦虑型依恋均与抑郁呈正相关，与心理资本呈负相关；焦虑型依恋与抑郁呈正相关，与心理资本呈负相关；心理资本与抑郁呈负相关（P<0.05）。不完整家庭、留守儿童、心理资本、心理资本各维度、回避型依恋和焦虑型依恋均为青少年抑郁的独立影响因素，其中焦虑型依恋和回避型依恋对青少年抑郁有显著的直接影响，心理资本在焦虑型依恋和回避型依恋与青少年抑郁的关系中起不完全中介作用。
心理资本可以缓解抑郁程度，不安全依恋对青少年抑郁有正向预测作用，心理资本在不安全依恋与青少年抑郁的关系中起不完全中介作用。
