National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
Asian J Psychiatr. 2022 Feb;68:102962. doi: 10.1016/j.ajp.2021.102962. Epub 2021 Dec 15.
Overprotection and overcontrol from parents or other family members, which are not rare in the Chinese culture, have been suggested to be traumatic experiences for some children. However, research on overprotection/overcontrol is much rarer in China compared with other childhood trauma subtypes. One of the possible reasons for this is the lack of easy and feasible screening tools. In this study, we therefore translated and validated a Chinese version of the 33-item Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ-33), which was expanded from the widely-used 28-item CTQ with an additional overprotection/overcontrol subscale. A total of 248 young healthy participants were recruited and completed the Chinese version of CTQ-33, and 50 of them were retested after an interval of two weeks. At baseline, all participants also completed the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire and the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale to assess their depression and anxiety, respectively. Our main findings include that: (1) the Chinese version of CTQ-33 showed a good internal consistency (Cronbach's α coefficient = 0.733) and an excellent test-retest reliability over a two-week period (ICC = 0.861); (2) the previously reported significant associations between the overprotection/overcontrol and other subtypes of childhood trauma (abuse and neglect), as well as psychopathological conditions such as depression can all be replicated using the Chinese version of CTQ-33. These results suggest that the Chinese version of CTQ-33 would be a promising tool for assessing various subtypes of childhood adversities, especially the overprotection/overcontrol experiences in Chinese populations.
在中国文化中，父母或其他家庭成员的过度保护和过度控制并不罕见，据认为这对一些孩子来说是创伤性经历。然而，与其他儿童期创伤亚型相比，中国对过度保护/过度控制的研究要少得多。造成这种情况的一个可能原因是缺乏简单可行的筛查工具。在这项研究中，我们因此翻译并验证了一个中文版的 33 项儿童创伤问卷 (CTQ-33)，该问卷是在广泛使用的 28 项 CTQ 基础上扩展而来，增加了一个额外的过度保护/过度控制子量表。共有 248 名年轻健康的参与者被招募并完成了中文版 CTQ-33，其中 50 人在两周后进行了重测。在基线时，所有参与者还完成了 9 项患者健康问卷和 7 项广泛性焦虑障碍量表，分别评估他们的抑郁和焦虑情况。我们的主要发现包括：(1) 中文版 CTQ-33 显示出良好的内部一致性（Cronbach's α 系数=0.733）和两周内的极好重测信度（ICC=0.861）；(2) 先前报告的过度保护/过度控制与其他儿童期创伤亚型（虐待和忽视）之间的显著关联，以及与抑郁等心理病理状况之间的关联，都可以使用中文版 CTQ-33 得到复制。这些结果表明，中文版 CTQ-33 将是评估各种儿童期逆境亚型的有前途的工具，特别是在中国人群中过度保护/过度控制的经验。
