测量儿童期虐待：挪威版虐待和创伤暴露编年史（MACE）量表的心理测量特性。
Measuring childhood maltreatment: Psychometric properties of the Norwegian version of the Maltreatment and Abuse Chronology of Exposure (MACE) scale.
机构信息
Department of Mental health and addiction, Vestre Viken hospital trust, Asker, Norway.
Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
出版信息
PLoS One. 2020 Feb 27;15(2):e0229661. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229661. eCollection 2020.
PURPOSE
Adverse childhood experiences in sensitive periods of the developing brain render the individual at a life-long risk for a broad spectrum of aberrant health outcomes. However, there is a lack of scales for the comprehensive assessment of adverse childhood experiences providing information of various types and the age of occurrence. Based on the complete, experimental version of the Maltreatment and abuse chronology of exposure (MACE-X) scale, the present study aimed to develop and psychometrically test a Norwegian version of MACE.
METHODS
The 75-item MACE-X was translated from German to Norwegian and administered as a self-report measure to 90 outpatients and 145 employees at a Division of specialized mental health care in South-Eastern Norway. The outpatients also completed the Childhood trauma questionnaire (CTQ) and the Symptom checklist 90 (SCL-90) to investigate convergent and predictive validity. To investigate test-retest reliability, outpatients completed MACE once more two weeks later.
RESULTS
Rasch analysis and Anderson likelihood ratio tests on the combined outpatient and employee data resulted in a 55 item version of the Norwegian MACE. In the outpatient group, test-retest reliability of the MACE-55 was excellent for total scores (ICC ≥ 0.94) and good to excellent for 10 subscale scores (ICC ≥ 0.82). Convergent validity with the CTQ was moderate to high for both total scores (0.63 ≥ r ≥ 0.86) and subscale scores (0.56 ≥ r ≥ 0.82). As compared to CTQ total scores, a MACE total score that combined severity and duration of exposure was numerically more strongly associated with overall psychiatric symptoms and each of nine symptom domains on the SCL-90.
CONCLUSIONS
The newly developed Norwegian MACE comprehensively assesses past exposure to adverse childhood experiences with high psychometric properties. This scale is a useful tool for research questions addressing sensitive periods for childhood adversities and associated health phenotypes.
目的
在发育中大脑的敏感时期经历不良的童年经历，会使个体终生面临广泛的异常健康结果的风险。然而，目前缺乏全面评估不良童年经历的量表，这些量表可以提供各种类型和发生年龄的信息。本研究基于完整的、实验性的创伤和虐待经历编年史（MACE-X）量表的德文版本，旨在开发和心理测量检验挪威版的 MACE。
方法
将 75 项 MACE-X 从德文翻译成挪威文，并作为自我报告量表，对挪威东南部一家专门精神保健科的 90 名门诊患者和 145 名员工进行了测试。门诊患者还完成了童年创伤问卷（CTQ）和症状清单 90（SCL-90），以检验其收敛效度和预测效度。为了检验重测信度，门诊患者在两周后再次完成 MACE。
结果
对门诊患者和员工的综合数据进行的 Rasch 分析和 Anderson 似然比检验，产生了挪威版 MACE 的 55 项版本。在门诊患者组中，MACE-55 的总分重测信度非常好（ICC≥0.94），10 个分量表的重测信度也很好到非常好（ICC≥0.82）。MACE 总分与 CTQ 的相关性在中等到高度之间（0.63≥r≥0.86），分量表的相关性也在中等到高度之间（0.56≥r≥0.82）。与 CTQ 总分相比，将暴露的严重程度和持续时间结合起来的 MACE 总分与 SCL-90 的总体精神病症状和九个症状域中的每一个都有更强的关联。
结论
新开发的挪威版 MACE 全面评估了过去经历不良童年经历的情况，具有较高的心理测量学特性。该量表是研究儿童期逆境的敏感时期和相关健康表型的有用工具。
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