Department of Breast Surgery, Changzhou Second People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213000, Jiangsu, China.
Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand). 2021 Nov 25;67(3):172-177. doi: 10.14715/cmb/2021.67.3.27.
Mastitis is a complication seen in some breastfeeding mothers and is the most common inflammatory lesion of the breast in breastfeeding mothers. In this complication, breast milk undergoes chemical and physical changes. It can lead to a drop in breastfeeding, weight loss, and, consequently, stunted growth of infants. Bacteria are the main cause of breast inflammation. Therefore, in this study, bacterial factors of mastitis were evaluated in lactating women. Also, their effects were considered on the physical properties and chemical composition of mothers' breast milk. For this purpose, 210 breastfeeding mothers referred to health centers were randomly selected, and their milk samples were collected. In addition to collecting mothers' demographic information by a questionnaire, the chemical composition (sugar, protein, and fat) and the physical properties (pH, density, and freezing temperature) of milk were measured. Bacterial evaluations were performed on the milk of these mothers by catalase test, coagulase test, and mannitol salt agar. Data were analyzed by SPSS software, Chi-square, Mann-Whitney U test, and T-test. The results showed that 56 mothers had mastitis, and Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci were the main bacteria in the milk of these mastitis mothers. These bacteria caused physical and chemical changes in breast milk so that mothers with Staphylococcus aureus mastitis had less sugar in their milk, and mothers with coagulase-negative staphylococci had less protein in their milk. Therefore, Staphylococcus aureus may reduce milk sugar by consuming milk sugar, and coagulase-negative staphylococci may also target milk protein. But to confirm these results, a larger population of mothers with mastitis is needed. Further studies are also needed to prove this result.
乳腺炎是一些哺乳期母亲会出现的并发症，也是哺乳期母亲乳房最常见的炎症性病变。在这种并发症中，母乳会发生化学和物理变化。它可能导致母乳喂养减少、体重减轻，进而导致婴儿生长发育迟缓。细菌是引起乳房炎症的主要原因。因此，在这项研究中，评估了哺乳期妇女乳腺炎的细菌因素。并考虑了它们对母亲母乳的物理性质和化学成分的影响。为此，随机选择了 210 名到保健中心就诊的哺乳期母亲，并采集了她们的奶样。除了通过问卷收集母亲的人口统计学信息外，还测量了奶的化学组成（糖、蛋白质和脂肪）和物理性质（pH 值、密度和冻结温度）。通过过氧化氢酶试验、凝固酶试验和甘露醇盐琼脂对这些母亲的奶进行了细菌评估。数据采用 SPSS 软件进行分析，采用卡方检验、Mann-Whitney U 检验和 t 检验。结果表明，有 56 位母亲患有乳腺炎，金黄色葡萄球菌和凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌是这些乳腺炎母亲奶中的主要细菌。这些细菌导致母乳发生物理和化学变化，因此患有金黄色葡萄球菌乳腺炎的母亲的奶中糖含量较少，而患有凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌乳腺炎的母亲的奶中蛋白质含量较少。因此，金黄色葡萄球菌可能通过消耗奶糖来减少奶糖，而凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌也可能针对奶蛋白。但要证实这些结果，还需要有更多患有乳腺炎的母亲的人群。还需要进一步的研究来证明这一结果。
