一项多模态神经影像学研究，在首次发作精神病中使用 7T 磁共振研究静息态连接、谷氨酸和 GABA。
A multimodal neuroimaging study investigating resting-state connectivity, glutamate and GABA at 7 T in first-episode psychosis.
机构信息
From the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham (Overbeek, Kraguljac, Lahti); the Department of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Alabama at Birmingham (Gawne); and the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn AL (Reid).
From the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham (Overbeek, Kraguljac, Lahti); the Department of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Alabama at Birmingham (Gawne); and the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn AL (Reid)
出版信息
J Psychiatry Neurosci. 2021 Dec 21;46(6):E702-E710. doi: 10.1503/jpn.210107. Print 2021 Nov-Dec.
BACKGROUND
The major excitatory and inhibitory neurometabolites in the brain, glutamate and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), respectively, are related to the functional MRI signal. Disruption of resting-state functional MRI signals has been reported in psychosis spectrum disorders, but few studies have investigated the role of these metabolites in this context.
METHODS
We included 19 patients with first-episode psychosis and 21 healthy controls in this combined magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and resting-state functional connectivity study. All imaging was performed on a Siemens Magnetom 7 T MRI scanner. Both the MRS voxel and the seed for functional connectivity analysis were located in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). We used multiple regressions to test for an interaction between ACC brain connectivity, diagnosis and neurometabolites.
RESULTS
ACC brain connectivity was altered in first-episode psychosis. The relationship between ACC glutamate and ACC functional connectivity differed between patients with first-episode psychosis and healthy controls in the precuneus, retrosplenial cortex, supramarginal gyrus and angular gyrus. As well, the relationship between ACC GABA and ACC functional connectivity differed between groups in the caudate, putamen and supramarginal gyrus.
LIMITATIONS
We used a small sample size. As well, although they were not chronically medicated, all participants were medicated during the study.
CONCLUSION
We demonstrated a link between the major excitatory and inhibitory brain metabolites and resting-state functional connectivity in healthy participants, as well as an alteration in this relationship in patients with first-episode psychosis. Combining data from different imaging modalities may help our mechanistic understanding of the relationship between major neurometabolites and brain network dynamics, and shed light on the pathophysiology of first-episode psychosis.
背景
大脑中的主要兴奋性和抑制性神经代谢物分别是谷氨酸和γ-氨基丁酸（GABA），它们分别与功能磁共振成像（fMRI）信号有关。精神分裂症谱系障碍患者的静息态 fMRI 信号已经被报道中断，但很少有研究调查这些代谢物在这种情况下的作用。
方法
我们将 19 例首发精神病患者和 21 例健康对照者纳入这项联合磁共振波谱（MRS）和静息态功能连接研究。所有的成像都是在西门子 Magnetom 7 T MRI 扫描仪上进行的。MRS 体素和功能连接分析的种子都位于背侧前扣带皮层（ACC）。我们使用多元回归来测试 ACC 脑连接、诊断和神经代谢物之间的相互作用。
结果
首发精神病患者的 ACC 脑连接发生了改变。在顶下小叶、后扣带回皮质、缘上回和角回，首发精神病患者和健康对照组之间，ACC 谷氨酸和 ACC 功能连接之间的关系不同。同样，在尾状核、壳核和缘上回，ACC GABA 和 ACC 功能连接之间的关系也不同。
局限性
我们使用了一个小样本量。此外，尽管所有参与者在研究期间都没有长期用药，但他们都在研究期间接受了药物治疗。
结论
我们证明了健康参与者中主要兴奋性和抑制性脑代谢物与静息态功能连接之间存在联系，以及首发精神病患者中这种关系的改变。结合不同成像方式的数据可能有助于我们对主要神经代谢物与脑网络动力学之间关系的机制理解，并揭示首发精神病的病理生理学。
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