Incidental finding of renal cell carcinoma in an asymptomatic patient on low-dose computed tomography screening for lung cancer.

INTRODUCTION In 2013, the United States Preventive Services Task Force recommended annual low-dose computed tomography (CT) screening for lung cancer in high-risk adults with a significant smoking history. These screenings result in large numbers of incidental findings, and although most of these do not warrant further investigation, there have been reported cases of incidental findings identified on CT screening that led to successful treatment of a previously undiagnosed comorbidity. CASE HISTORY Here, we report a case of papillary renal cell carcinoma that was detected incidentally on low-dose CT in an asymptomatic individual, a rare diagnosis considering that renal neoplasms account for <1% of incidental findings on these screenings. CONCLUSION This case highlights the value of investigating these incidental findings, with the goal of detecting underlying disease in some cases before it would have presented symptomatically.