Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai 200233, China.
Department of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China.
Chin Med J (Engl). 2021 Dec 8;134(24):2931-2943. doi: 10.1097/CM9.0000000000001890.
The morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are increasing worldwide and seriously threaten human life and health. Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), a metabolic regulator, regulates glucose and lipid metabolism and may exert beneficial effects on the cardiovascular system. In recent years, FGF21 has been found to act directly on the cardiovascular system and may be used as an early biomarker of CVDs. The present review highlights the recent progress in understanding the relationship between FGF21 and CVDs including coronary heart disease, myocardial ischemia, cardiomyopathy, and heart failure and also explores the related mechanism of the cardioprotective effect of FGF21. FGF21 plays an important role in the prediction, treatment, and improvement of prognosis in CVDs. This cardioprotective effect of FGF21 may be achieved by preventing endothelial dysfunction and lipid accumulating, inhibiting cardiomyocyte apoptosis and regulating the associated oxidative stress, inflammation and autophagy. In conclusion, FGF21 is a promising target for the treatment of CVDs, however, its clinical application requires further clarification of the precise role of FGF21 in CVDs.
心血管疾病（CVDs）的发病率和死亡率在全球范围内不断上升，严重威胁着人类的生命和健康。成纤维细胞生长因子 21（FGF21）是一种代谢调节剂，可调节糖和脂代谢，可能对心血管系统发挥有益作用。近年来，发现 FGF21 可直接作用于心血管系统，并可能作为 CVDs 的早期生物标志物。本综述重点介绍了近年来对 FGF21 与包括冠心病、心肌缺血、心肌病和心力衰竭在内的 CVDs 之间关系的理解进展，并探讨了 FGF21 的心脏保护作用的相关机制。FGF21 在 CVDs 的预测、治疗和预后改善中起着重要作用。FGF21 的这种心脏保护作用可能通过预防内皮功能障碍和脂质积累、抑制心肌细胞凋亡以及调节相关氧化应激、炎症和自噬来实现。总之，FGF21 是治疗 CVDs 的有前途的靶点，但其临床应用需要进一步明确 FGF21 在 CVDs 中的精确作用。
