Carol Davila Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania.
Filantropia Clinical Hospital, 011171 Bucharest, Romania.
Medicina (Kaunas). 2021 Dec 1;57(12):1320. doi: 10.3390/medicina57121320.
During gestation, the maternal body should increase its activity to fulfil the demands of the developing fetus as pregnancy progresses. Each maternal organ adapts in a unique manner and at a different time during pregnancy. In an organ or system that was already vulnerable before pregnancy, the burden of pregnancy can trigger overt clinical manifestations. After delivery, symptoms usually reside; however, in time, because of the age-related metabolic and pro-atherogenic changes, they reappear. Therefore, it is believed that pregnancy acts as a medical stress test for mothers. Pregnancy complications such as gestational hypertension, preeclampsia and gestational diabetes mellitus foreshadow cardiovascular disease and/or diabetes later in life. Affected women are encouraged to modify their lifestyle after birth by adjusting their diet and exercise habits. Blood pressure and plasmatic glucose level checking are recommended so that early therapeutic intervention can reduce long-term morbidity. Currently, the knowledge of the long-term consequences in women who have had pregnancy-related syndromes is still incomplete. A past obstetric history may, however, be useful in determining the risk of diseases later in life and allow timely intervention.
在妊娠期间，母体应增加其活动量以满足胎儿发育的需求。随着妊娠的进展，每个母体器官都以独特的方式和不同的时间进行适应。在妊娠前已经脆弱的器官或系统中，妊娠的负担可能引发明显的临床表现。分娩后，症状通常会消失；然而，随着时间的推移，由于与年龄相关的代谢和动脉粥样硬化前变化，它们会再次出现。因此，人们认为妊娠对母亲来说是一种医学应激测试。妊娠并发症，如妊娠期高血压、子痫前期和妊娠期糖尿病，预示着日后会发生心血管疾病和/或糖尿病。建议受影响的妇女在分娩后通过调整饮食和运动习惯来改变生活方式。建议检查血压和血浆葡萄糖水平，以便早期进行治疗干预，降低长期发病率。目前，对于曾经患有妊娠相关综合征的妇女的长期后果的了解仍然不完全。然而，过去的产科病史可能有助于确定日后患病的风险，并允许及时干预。
