Liu De, Wang Shiying, Wu Tao, Li Yujiang
Shandong Provincial Research Center for Water Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China.
Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Science of Education Ministry, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
Nanomaterials (Basel). 2021 Dec 9;11(12):3344. doi: 10.3390/nano11123344.
The influence of different coupling agents and coupling times on the wettability of a polyurethane (PU) sponge surface were optimized. Octadecyltrichlorosilane (OTS) was selected as the optimal coupling agent to prepare the superhydrophobic sponge. The superhydrophobic sponge was prepared in one step, which has the advantages of simple operation and enhanced durability. The superhydrophobic sponge was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Teclis Tracker tensiometry, and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrophotometry. The water contact angle increased from 64.1° to 151.3°, exhibiting ideal superhydrophobicity. Oils and organic solvents with different viscosities and densities can be rapidly and selectively absorbed by superhydrophobic sponges, with an absorption capacity of 14.99 to 86.53 times the weight of the sponge itself, without absorbing any water. Since temperature affects the viscosity and ionic strength of oil, and influences the surface wettability of the sponges, the effect of temperature and ionic strength on the oil absorption capacity of the superhydrophobic sponges was measured, and its mechanism was elucidated. The results showed that the absorptive capacity retained more than 90% of the initial absorptive capacity after repeated use for 10 times. Low-cost, durable superhydrophobic sponges show great potential for large-scale oil-water separation.
优化了不同偶联剂及偶联时间对聚氨酯（PU）海绵表面润湿性的影响。选择十八烷基三氯硅烷（OTS）作为制备超疏水海绵的最佳偶联剂。超疏水海绵一步制备而成，具有操作简单、耐久性增强的优点。通过扫描电子显微镜、Teclis Tracker张力测量仪和傅里叶变换红外（FT-IR）光谱仪对超疏水海绵进行了表征。水接触角从64.1°增加到151.3°，呈现出理想的超疏水性。不同粘度和密度的油类及有机溶剂能被超疏水海绵快速、选择性地吸收，吸收量为海绵自身重量的14.99至86.53倍，且不吸收任何水分。由于温度会影响油的粘度和离子强度，并影响海绵的表面润湿性，因此测定了温度和离子强度对超疏水海绵吸油能力的影响，并阐明了其作用机制。结果表明，重复使用10次后，吸附能力仍保持初始吸附能力的90%以上。低成本、耐用的超疏水海绵在大规模油水分离方面具有巨大潜力。
