Siwicka-Gieroba Dorota, Dabrowski Wojciech
Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Medical University of Lublin, 20-059 Lublin, Poland.
Life (Basel). 2021 Dec 7;11(12):1352. doi: 10.3390/life11121352.
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The consequences of a TBI generate the activation and accumulation of inflammatory cells. The peak number of neutrophils entering into an injured brain is observed after 24 h; however, cells infiltrate within 5 min of closed brain injury. Neutrophils release toxic molecules including free radicals, proinflammatory cytokines, and proteases that advance secondary damage. Regulatory T cells impair T cell infiltration into the central nervous system and elevate reactive astrogliosis and interferon-γ gene expression, probably inducing the process of healing. Therefore, the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) may be a low-cost, objective, and available predictor of inflammation as well as a marker of secondary injury associated with neutrophil activation. Recent studies have documented that an NLR value on admission might be effective for predicting outcome and mortality in severe brain injury patients.
创伤性脑损伤（TBI）是全球发病和死亡的主要原因之一。TBI的后果会导致炎症细胞的激活和积聚。受伤大脑中进入的中性粒细胞数量在24小时后达到峰值；然而，在闭合性脑损伤后5分钟内就有细胞浸润。中性粒细胞释放包括自由基、促炎细胞因子和蛋白酶在内的有毒分子，这些分子会加剧继发性损伤。调节性T细胞会损害T细胞向中枢神经系统的浸润，并提高反应性星形胶质细胞增生和干扰素-γ基因表达，可能会诱导愈合过程。因此，中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值（NLR）可能是一种低成本、客观且可用的炎症预测指标，也是与中性粒细胞激活相关的继发性损伤的标志物。最近的研究表明，入院时的NLR值可能对预测重度脑损伤患者的预后和死亡率有效。
