School of Nursing, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan.
Department of Social Work, Hsuan Chuang University, Hsinchu 30092, Taiwan.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Dec 10;18(24):13023. doi: 10.3390/ijerph182413023.
The study aim was to explore the effects of multisensory breastmilk interventions on short-term pain of infants during newborn screening. This is a randomized controlled trial. A total of 120 newborns were recruited and assigned by randomization to one of three treatment conditions: Condition 1 = routine care (gentle touch + verbal comfort); Condition 2 = breastmilk odor + routine care; or Condition 3 = breastmilk odor + taste + routine care. Pain was scored with the Neonatal Infant Pain Scale (NIPS). Data were collected from video recordings at 1 min intervals over the 11 phases of heel sticks: phase 1, 5 min before heel stick without stimuli (baseline); phase 2 to phase 6 (during heel stick); and phase 7 to phase 11 (recovery). Generalized estimating equations compared differences in pain scores for newborns over phases among the three conditions. Compared with the routine care, provision of the odor and taste of breastmilk reduce NIPS scores during heel sticks (B = -4.36, SE = 0.45, < 0.001 [phase]), and during recovery (B = -3.29, SE = 0.42, < 0.001 [phase]). Our findings provide new data, which supports the use of multisensory interventions that include breastmilk odor and taste in combination with gentle touch and verbal comfort to relieve pain in infants undergoing newborn screening.
本研究旨在探讨多种感官母乳干预对新生儿筛查期间婴儿短期疼痛的影响。这是一项随机对照试验。共招募了 120 名新生儿，并通过随机分配将其分为三种治疗条件之一：条件 1 = 常规护理（轻柔触摸+口头安慰）；条件 2 = 母乳气味+常规护理；或条件 3 = 母乳气味+味道+常规护理。疼痛通过新生儿疼痛量表（NIPS）进行评分。在足跟穿刺的 11 个阶段以 1 分钟的间隔从视频记录中收集数据：阶段 1，足跟穿刺前 5 分钟无刺激（基线）；阶段 2 至阶段 6（足跟穿刺期间）；以及阶段 7 至阶段 11（恢复）。广义估计方程比较了三种条件下新生儿在各阶段的疼痛评分差异。与常规护理相比，提供母乳的气味和味道可降低足跟穿刺期间（B = -4.36，SE = 0.45， < 0.001 [阶段]）和恢复期间（B = -3.29，SE = 0.42， < 0.001 [阶段]）的 NIPS 评分。我们的研究结果提供了新的数据，支持使用多种感官干预措施，包括母乳气味和味道，结合轻柔触摸和口头安慰，以减轻接受新生儿筛查的婴儿的疼痛。
