Hill D, Willcox S, Gardner G, Houston J
Med J Aust. 1987 Feb 2;146(3):125-30. doi: 10.5694/j.1326-5377.1987.tb120152.x.
A national survey of 23,359 Australian schoolchildren who were predominantly in the age range of 12-17 years was undertaken in 1984 to determine their levels of use of tobacco and alcohol. The prevalence of current smoking behaviour (that is, at least one cigarette in the past week) rose with age to 34% among girls and 29% among boys at 15 years of age. The prevalence of current drinking behaviour (that is, at least one drink in the past week) rose with age to 49% among girls and 56% among boys at 17 years of age. Very few pupils reported daily drinking but from 15 years of age between 12% and 14% of the sampled students reported smoking every day. Boys who currently smoked and drank reported higher consumptions of tobacco and alcohol than did girls who currently smoked and drank. Most smoking and drinking took place at weekends. Normal responses for intention to smoke in the future, and for drinkers and smokers "self-referent labels" are also reported, and it is suggested that health education programmes for schoolchildren usefully could be focused on these psychological factors.
1984年，对23359名主要年龄在12至17岁的澳大利亚学童进行了一项全国性调查，以确定他们使用烟草和酒精的程度。当前吸烟行为（即过去一周至少吸过一支烟）的流行率随年龄增长而上升，15岁女孩中这一比例升至34%，男孩中升至29%。当前饮酒行为（即过去一周至少喝过一次酒）的流行率也随年龄增长而上升，17岁女孩中这一比例升至49%，男孩中升至56%。很少有学生报告每天饮酒，但从15岁起，抽样学生中有12%至14%报告每天吸烟。当前吸烟和饮酒的男孩报告的烟草和酒精消费量高于当前吸烟和饮酒的女孩。大多数吸烟和饮酒行为发生在周末。还报告了未来吸烟意向的正常反应，以及饮酒者和吸烟者的“自我参照标签”，并建议针对学童的健康教育计划可以有效地关注这些心理因素。
