Patton G C, Hibbert M, Rosier M J, Carlin J B, Caust J, Bowes G
Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Australia.
Am J Public Health. 1996 Feb;86(2):225-30. doi: 10.2105/ajph.86.2.225.
An association of smoking with depression and anxiety has been documented in adult smokers. This study examines this association in a representative group of teenage smokers.
A two-stage cluster sample of secondary school students in Victoria, Australia, were surveyed by using a computerized questionnaire, which included a 7-day retrospective diary for tobacco use and a structured psychiatric interview.
Subjects reporting high levels of depression and anxiety were twice as likely to be smokers after the potential confounders of year level, sex, alcohol use, and parental smoking were controlled for. Regular smokers were almost twice as likely as occasional smokers to report high levels of depression and anxiety. In a stratified analysis, an association between regular smoking and psychiatric morbidity was found in girls of all ages but for boys only in the youngest group.
The cross-sectional association is consistent with the use of smoking by teenage girls as self-medication for depression and anxiety. Therefore, future health promotional campaigns might consider strategies that attend to perceived psychological benefits of smoking.
成年吸烟者中吸烟与抑郁和焦虑之间的关联已有文献记载。本研究在一组具有代表性的青少年吸烟者中检验这种关联。
采用计算机化问卷对澳大利亚维多利亚州中学生进行两阶段整群抽样调查，问卷包括一份7天烟草使用回顾日记和一次结构化精神科访谈。
在控制了年级、性别、饮酒情况和父母吸烟等潜在混杂因素后，报告有高水平抑郁和焦虑的受试者成为吸烟者的可能性是其他人的两倍。经常吸烟者报告高水平抑郁和焦虑的可能性几乎是偶尔吸烟者的两倍。在分层分析中，各年龄段女孩中均发现经常吸烟与精神疾病之间存在关联，但男孩中仅最年轻组存在这种关联。
这种横断面关联与青少年女孩将吸烟作为抑郁和焦虑的自我治疗方式一致。因此，未来的健康促进活动可能需要考虑针对吸烟在心理方面的益处的策略。
