European Institute for Molecular Imaging (EIMI), University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
Division of Clinical Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
Front Immunol. 2021 Dec 7;12:787307. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.787307. eCollection 2021.
Immunomodulatory therapies have fueled interest in targeting microglial cells as part of the innate immune response after infection or injury. In this context, the colony-stimulating factor 1 (CSF-1) and its receptor (CSF-1R) have gained attention in various neurological conditions to deplete and reprogram the microglia/macrophages compartment. Published data in physiological conditions support the use of small-molecule inhibitors to study microglia/macrophages dynamics under inflammatory conditions and as a therapeutic strategy in pathologies where those cells support disease progression. However, preclinical and clinical data highlighted that the complexity of the spatiotemporal inflammatory response could limit their efficiency due to compensatory mechanisms, ultimately leading to therapy resistance. We review the current state-of-art in the field of CSF-1R inhibition in glioma and stroke and provide an overview of the fundamentals, ongoing research, potential developments of this promising therapeutic strategy and further application toward molecular imaging.
免疫调节疗法激发了人们的兴趣，促使人们将小胶质细胞作为感染或损伤后固有免疫反应的一部分进行靶向治疗。在这种情况下，集落刺激因子 1（CSF-1）及其受体（CSF-1R）在各种神经疾病中受到关注，以耗尽和重新编程小胶质细胞/巨噬细胞区室。在生理条件下发表的数据支持使用小分子抑制剂来研究炎症条件下小胶质细胞/巨噬细胞的动力学，并作为支持这些细胞支持疾病进展的病理的治疗策略。然而，临床前和临床数据强调，由于代偿机制，炎症反应的时空复杂性可能会限制其效率，最终导致治疗抵抗。我们综述了 CSF-1R 抑制在神经胶质瘤和中风中的最新研究进展，并概述了该有前途的治疗策略的基础、正在进行的研究、潜在进展以及向分子成像的进一步应用。
