[On indirect actions of Chinese medicines and innovation of indirect-acting Chinese medicines].

The output of high level innovative Chinese medicines(CM) is very rare for a few years, which is in sharp contrast to the reality that antibody drugs, small molecular targeted therapy, antibody-drug conjugate and other innovative drugs have heavy investment and high yield. Acceleration for the research and development of innovative CM drugs obviously relies on breakthrough of the modes of thinking and methodology. Deeply influenced by the thinking of allopathic medicine in Western science system, the mainstream of current basic researches on CM is to find the components and their molecular mechanisms that can directly inhibit or antagonize the target in disease focal. However, it is difficult to explain the mechanism of the reported " active" components in many CMs, since their steady-state concentrations in disease focal are usually significantly lower than the effective concentrations of those components. Therefore, based on the original methodology of CM-systemism and harmonizing medicine, this paper proposed that the mechanism of action of CMs may not be limited to the direct antagonistic effect on the target in disease focal. Instead, it may involve indirect action through the intermediate substances across different organs or systems with a long-distance action pattern.A fundamentally break may be achieved when exploring the mechanism of action of CM active components from the perspective of indirect action. It may also change the thinking of allopathic medicine in the researches of CM and start a new innovative road for the development of indirect-acting CMs.