Erfanian Nafiseh, Derakhshani Afshin, Nasseri Saeed, Fereidouni Mohammad, Baradaran Behzad, Jalili Tabrizi Neda, Brunetti Oronzo, Bernardini Renato, Silvestris Nicola, Safarpour Hossein
Student Research Committee, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.
Experimental Pharmacology, IRCCS Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II, Bari, Italy.
Biomed Pharmacother. 2022 Feb;146:112558. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112558. Epub 2021 Dec 22.
Immunotherapy has revolutionized cancer treatment and brought new aspects into tumor immunology. Effective immunotherapy will require using the suitable target antigens, optimizing the interaction between the antigenic peptide, the APC, and the T cell, and the simultaneous inhibitor of the negative regulatory process that inhibits immunotherapeutic effects and develop resistance. Tumor heterogeneity and its microenvironment is the leading cause of resistance in patients. Recently by emerging the single-cell RNA sequencing technology and its combination with immunotherapy, now we can specifically evaluate the mechanism of tumors in the face of immunotherapy agents at the single-cell resolution by detecting the transcriptional activity of immune checkpoints, screening neoantigens with high transcription levels, identifying rare cells, and other important processes. This review focuses on scRNA-seq, particularly on its application in cancer immunotherapy.
免疫疗法彻底改变了癌症治疗方式，并为肿瘤免疫学带来了新的研究方向。有效的免疫疗法需要使用合适的靶抗原，优化抗原肽、抗原呈递细胞（APC）和T细胞之间的相互作用，同时抑制抑制免疫治疗效果并产生耐药性的负调控过程。肿瘤异质性及其微环境是患者产生耐药性的主要原因。近年来，随着单细胞RNA测序技术的出现及其与免疫疗法的结合，我们现在能够通过检测免疫检查点的转录活性、筛选高转录水平的新抗原、识别稀有细胞以及其他重要过程，以单细胞分辨率特异性评估肿瘤面对免疫治疗药物时的机制。本综述聚焦于单细胞RNA测序，特别是其在癌症免疫治疗中的应用。
