From the Department of Medical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway (TTS, GHD, JAB, CBM); University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (TTS, JAB); Department of Addiction Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway (ICK).
J Addict Med. 2022;16(4):e274-e277. doi: 10.1097/ADM.0000000000000944. Epub 2021 Dec 23.
Patients suffering from substance use disorder, including for instance benzodiazepines, may have comorbidity with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Centrally acting stimulants play an important role in the treatment of ADHD. Before such treatment can be initiated, withdrawal of benzodiazepines may be necessary. Urine testing is the preferred method for monitoring adherence in benzodiazepine withdrawal, but there is a lack of studies reporting detection time. Here, we report a case of a 30-year-old woman with substance use disorder and ADHD who had detectable metabolites of diazepam 79 days after withdrawal. To our knowledge, no cases with detection time equivalent to this have previously been published. This case report serves as an example that clinicians may need to consider interindividual pharmacokinetic characteristics when interpreting the results of urine drug tests, and that a positive urine test may still be consistent with abstinence from a certain drug. In the current case, a high body mass index and a genetic polymorphism gave a reasonable explanation for the prolonged detection of diazepam metabolites.
患有物质使用障碍的患者,例如苯二氮䓬类药物,可能与注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)共病。中枢作用兴奋剂在 ADHD 的治疗中起着重要作用。在开始此类治疗之前,可能需要戒断苯二氮䓬类药物。尿液检测是监测苯二氮䓬类药物戒断依从性的首选方法,但缺乏报告检测时间的研究。在这里,我们报告了一例 30 岁女性患有物质使用障碍和 ADHD,在戒断后 79 天仍可检测到地西泮的代谢物。据我们所知,以前没有报道过等效的检测时间的病例。本病例报告表明,临床医生在解释尿液药物检测结果时可能需要考虑个体间的药代动力学特征,并且阳性尿液检测结果仍可能与某种药物的戒断一致。在目前的情况下,高体重指数和遗传多态性对地西泮代谢物的长时间检测提供了合理的解释。