Bliding A
Acta Psychiatr Scand Suppl. 1978(274):111-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1978.tb02395.x.
Extensive use of oxazepam, particularly in the abuse-prone population of alcoholic patients, has shown that the dependence-producing potential of this drug is remarkably low, only four cases of dependence having been encountered over many years. Even abrupt withdrawal of oxazepam does not normally precipitate an abstinence syndrome. A computerized literature search retrieved 68 papers on benzodiazepine abuse and/or dependence, only 4 (6%) being concerned with oxazepam. Three reasons are proposed to account for the exceptionally low abuse-potential of oxazepam, the first being considered to be the most important: its onset of central nervous system activity is gradual, so there is no sudden 'intoxication' effect; it tends to cause dizziness at high dosages, discouraging the patient to increase the dose; and because it has a short half-life and no major active metabolites, intermittent therapy (which many patients now practise with all benzodiazepines), periodically allows the complete elimination of the drug from the body.
广泛使用奥沙西泮，尤其是在易滥用的酗酒患者群体中，已表明该药物产生依赖性的可能性极低，多年来仅遇到4例依赖病例。即使突然停用奥沙西泮通常也不会引发戒断综合征。一项计算机化文献检索找出了68篇关于苯二氮䓬滥用和/或依赖的论文，其中仅有4篇（6%）涉及奥沙西泮。提出了三个原因来解释奥沙西泮异常低的滥用可能性，第一个原因被认为是最重要的：其对中枢神经系统活动的起效是渐进的，所以不存在突然的“中毒”效应；高剂量时往往会引起头晕，使患者不愿增加剂量；并且由于它半衰期短且没有主要的活性代谢产物，间歇性治疗（现在许多患者对所有苯二氮䓬类药物都采用这种治疗方式）会定期使药物从体内完全清除。
