Soltani Mohammad, Baluchi Masoud Jokar, Boullosa Daniel, Daraei Ali, Doyle-Baker Patricia K, Saeidi Ayoub, Knechtle Beat, Dehbaghi Kambiz Moradi, Mollabashi Shirin Shirzad, VanDusseldorp Trisha A, Zouhal Hassane
Department of Biological Sciences in Sport, Faculty of Sports Sciences and Health, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran.
Front Physiol. 2021 Dec 9;12:758299. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2021.758299. eCollection 2021.
It is well known that exercise training has positive effects on both cardiac autonomic function and arterial stiffness (AS). However, it is not clear that which exercise training variables, intensity or volume, or both, play a crucial role in this regard. This study investigates the chronic effects of high-volume moderate-intensity training (HVMIT) and low-volume high-intensity training (LVHIT) on heart rate variability (HRV) and AS in sedentary adult men. Notably, 45 males (age: 42 ± 5.7 years) were randomly assigned to a control ( = 15), HVMIT ( = 15), or LVHIT ( = 15). The HVMIT group ran three times per week on a treadmill at 50-60% of VOmax for 45-60 min, while the LVHIT trained at 70-85% of VOmax for 25-40 min. Both training protocols were equated by caloric expenditure. HRV, pulse wave velocity (PWV), hemodynamic variables, and body composition were measured before and after 12 weeks. Both protocols (i.e., HVMIT and LVHIT) significantly increased the SD of normal sinus beat intervals (SDNN) and high-frequency (HF) bands ( < 0.05) after 12 weeks. Whereas the low-frequency (LF)-HF ratio decreased significantly in both training protocols ( < 0.05); however, these changes were significantly greater in the LVHIT protocol ( < 0.05). Furthermore, the root mean square of successive RR interval differences (RMSSD) significantly increased only in the LVHIT ( < 0.05). Moreover, a significant decrease in LF and PWV was only observed following the LVHIT protocol ( < 0.05). Some measures of HRV and PWV were significantly correlated ( = 0.275-0.559; < 0.05). These results show that the LVHIT protocol was more efficient for improving HRV variables and PWV than the HVMIT protocol after 12 weeks of continuous running training. Interestingly, changes in some HRV parameters were related to changes in PWV. Further studies should elaborate on the link between central and peripheral cardiovascular adaptations after continuous and intermittent training regimens differing in intensity.
众所周知，运动训练对心脏自主神经功能和动脉僵硬度（AS）均有积极影响。然而，目前尚不清楚在这方面，究竟是运动训练的哪个变量，强度或运动量，还是两者都起着关键作用。本研究调查了高运动量中等强度训练（HVMIT）和低运动量高强度训练（LVHIT）对久坐不动的成年男性心率变异性（HRV）和AS的长期影响。值得注意的是，45名男性（年龄：42±5.7岁）被随机分配到对照组（n = 15）、HVMIT组（n = 15）或LVHIT组（n = 15）。HVMIT组每周在跑步机上以最大摄氧量（VOmax）的50 - 60%跑三次，每次45 - 60分钟，而LVHIT组以VOmax的70 - 85%训练25 - 40分钟。两种训练方案的热量消耗相等。在12周前后测量HRV、脉搏波速度（PWV）、血流动力学变量和身体成分。12周后，两种方案（即HVMIT和LVHIT）均显著增加了正常窦性搏动间期的标准差（SDNN）和高频（HF）频段（P < 0.05）。而两种训练方案中低频（LF）与HF的比值均显著降低（P < 0.05）；然而，这些变化在LVHIT方案中更为显著（P < 0.05）。此外，逐次RR间期差值的均方根（RMSSD）仅在LVHIT组显著增加（P < 0.05）。而且，仅在LVHIT方案后观察到LF和PWV显著降低（P < 0.05）。HRV和PWV的一些测量指标显著相关（r = 0.275 - 0.559；P < 0.05）。这些结果表明在连续跑步训练12周后，LVHIT方案在改善HRV变量和PWV方面比HVMIT方案更有效。有趣的是，一些HRV参数的变化与PWV的变化有关。进一步的研究应详细阐述在强度不同的连续和间歇训练方案后，中枢和外周心血管适应性之间的联系。
