Group Research Physical Exercise and Human Performance, University Institute of Aging Research, Mare Nostrum Campus, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Nov 30;19(23):16066. doi: 10.3390/ijerph192316066.
Background: The autonomic nervous system, which is composed of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system, is closely related to the cardiovascular system. The temporal variation between each of the intervals between the consecutive “R” waves of an electrocardiogram is known as heart rate variability. Depending on the type of activity, both systems can be activated, and also influence the interval between “R” waves. Currently, with advancements in technology and electronic devices, photoplethysmography is used. Photoplethysmography detects changes in the intensity of reflected light that allow differentiation between systole and diastole and, therefore, determines the heart rate, its frequency and its variations. In this way, changes in the autonomic nervous system can be detected by devices such as the Max Pulse®. Objective: To determine whether the information provided by Max Pulse® on autonomic balance and stress is modified after intense physical exercise, thereby determining whether there is a relationship with body composition, and also whether there are differences with respect to gender. Materials and Methods: Fifty-three runners (38.9% female) with a mean age of 31.3 ± 8.1 years participated in the study. Two measurements (before and after intense physical effort) were performed with the Max Pulse® device. The flotoplethysmography measurement lasted 3 min, and was performed in the supine position. The exercise test was performed on a treadmill. It was initiated at a speed of 6 and 7 km/h for women and men, respectively. Subjects indicated the end of the test by making a hand gesture when unable to continue the test. Results: Autonomic nervous system activity and mental stress values decreased significantly (p < 0.05) in men and women, while autonomic nervous system balance decreased only in women. Physical stress increased (p < 0.05) in both sexes. Conclusions: Intense exercise causes changes in variables that assess autonomic nervous system balance and stress, as measured by a device based on photoplethysmography. The changes are evident in both sexes, and are not related to body composition.
自主神经系统由交感神经系统和副交感神经系统组成，与心血管系统密切相关。心电图中连续“R”波之间的每个间期的时间变化称为心率变异性。这两个系统都可以根据活动类型被激活，并且还会影响“R”波之间的间期。目前，随着技术和电子设备的进步，光体积描记术得到了应用。光体积描记术检测反射光强度的变化，允许区分收缩期和舒张期，并因此确定心率、其频率及其变化。通过这种方式，可以通过 Max Pulse®等设备检测自主神经系统的变化。目的：确定 Max Pulse®提供的自主平衡和应激信息在剧烈体育锻炼后是否发生改变，从而确定其与身体成分是否有关，以及与性别是否存在差异。材料和方法：53 名跑步者（38.9%为女性）参与了这项研究，他们的平均年龄为 31.3±8.1 岁。使用 Max Pulse®设备进行了两次测量（剧烈体力活动前后）。 flotoplethysmography 测量持续 3 分钟，在仰卧位进行。运动测试在跑步机上进行。女性和男性的起始速度分别为 6 和 7km/h。当受试者无法继续测试时，他们会通过手势表示测试结束。结果：男性和女性的自主神经系统活动和精神应激值显著下降（p<0.05），而自主神经系统平衡仅在女性中下降。男女的体力应激均增加（p<0.05）。结论：剧烈运动导致基于光体积描记术的设备评估自主神经系统平衡和应激的变量发生变化。这些变化在两性中都很明显，与身体成分无关。
