Amekran Youssra, El Hangouche Abdelkader Jalil
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tangier, MAR.
Cureus. 2024 Jun 16;16(6):e62465. doi: 10.7759/cureus.62465. eCollection 2024 Jun.
This meta-analysis was conducted to investigate the effects of exercise training on heart rate variability (HRV) parameters associated with the autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving healthy adults (aged ≥ 18 years) were included. We searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and EBSCO databases to identify relevant studies. A random-effects meta-analysis was performed using the standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Sixteen RCTs with a total of 623 participants were selected for the final analysis. The analysis showed that exercise training improved the standard deviation of normal-to-normal intervals (SDNN) (SMD: 0.58 (0.16, 1.00); p = 0.007), the root mean square of successive differences in heart period series (RMSSD) (SMD: 0.84 (0.36, 1.31); p = 0.0005), and the absolute power of high-frequency band (HF) (SMD: 0.89 (0.27, 1.51); p = 0.005) parameters compared to the control group. Analysis of the moderator variables showed that the effect of exercise on HRV indices may be influenced by sex, age, and type of exercise used, specifically in HF band, absolute power of low-frequency band (LF), and LF/HF ratio parameters. Despite the limited number of existing RCTs related to the subject, the results suggest that exercise training enhances HRV parameters associated with vagal-related activity (RMSSD and HF) and both sympathetic and parasympathetic activities (SDNN). This study overcomes the lack of meta-analyses on the effects of exercise training on autonomic modulation among healthy adults and may bridge the gap in understanding the potential physiological underpinnings of the acknowledged positive health benefits of exercise.
本荟萃分析旨在研究运动训练对与自主神经系统（ANS）活动相关的心率变异性（HRV）参数的影响。纳入了涉及健康成年人（年龄≥18岁）的随机对照试验（RCT）。我们检索了PubMed、Scopus、Web of Science和EBSCO数据库以识别相关研究。使用标准化均值差（SMD）和95%置信区间（CI）进行随机效应荟萃分析。最终分析选取了16项RCT，共623名参与者。分析表明，与对照组相比，运动训练改善了正常到正常间期的标准差（SDNN）（SMD：0.58（0.16，1.00）；p = 0.007）、心动周期序列连续差值的均方根（RMSSD）（SMD：0.84（0.36，1.31）；p = 0.00).05）和高频段（HF）的绝对功率（SMD：0.89（0.27，1.51）；p = 0.005）参数。调节变量分析表明，运动对HRV指标的影响可能受性别、年龄和所用运动类型的影响，特别是在HF频段、低频段（LF）的绝对功率和LF/HF比值参数方面。尽管与该主题相关的现有RCT数量有限，但结果表明运动训练可增强与迷走神经相关活动（RMSSD和HF）以及交感和副交感神经活动（SDNN）相关的HRV参数。本研究克服了对健康成年人运动训练对自主调节影响的荟萃分析不足的问题，并可能填补在理解运动公认的积极健康益处的潜在生理基础方面的空白。
