Department of Pharmacognosy, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 210009 Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 211198 Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
Rev Cardiovasc Med. 2021 Dec 22;22(4):1361-1381. doi: 10.31083/j.rcm2204142.
Due to their high prevalence and incidence, diabetes and atherosclerosis are increasingly becoming global public health concerns. Atherosclerosis is one of the leading causes of morbidity and disability in type 1 and/or type 2 diabetes patients. Atherosclerosis risk in diabetic patients is obviously higher than that of non-diabetic individuals. Diabetes-related glycolipid metabolism disorder has been shown to play a central role in atherosclerosis development and progression. Hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia increase the risks for atherosclerosis and plaque necrosis through multiple signaling pathways, such as a prolonged increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inflammatory factors in cardiovascular cells. Notwithstanding the great advances in the understanding of the pathologies of diabetes-accelerated atherosclerosis, the current medical treatments for diabetic atherosclerosis hold undesirable side effects. Therefore, there is an urgent demand to identify novel therapeutic targets or alternative strategies to prevent or treat diabetic atherosclerosis. Burgeoning evidence suggests that plant and herbal medicines are closely linked with healthy benefits for diabetic complications, including diabetic atherosclerosis. In this review, we will overview the utilization of plant and herbal medicines for the treatment of diabetes-accelerated atherosclerosis. Furthermore, the underlying mechanisms of the ethnopharmacological therapeutic potentials against diabetic atherosclerosis are gathered and reviewed. It is foreseeable that the natural constituents from medicinal plants might be a new hope for the treatment of diabetes-accelerated atherosclerosis.
由于糖尿病和动脉粥样硬化的高患病率和发病率，它们日益成为全球公共卫生关注的焦点。动脉粥样硬化是 1 型和/或 2 型糖尿病患者发病和致残的主要原因之一。糖尿病患者的动脉粥样硬化风险明显高于非糖尿病患者。糖尿病相关的糖脂代谢紊乱被证明在动脉粥样硬化的发展和进展中起着核心作用。高血糖和血脂异常通过多种信号通路增加了动脉粥样硬化和斑块坏死的风险，例如心血管细胞中活性氧（ROS）和炎症因子的持续增加。尽管人们对糖尿病加速动脉粥样硬化的病理学有了很大的了解，但目前治疗糖尿病性动脉粥样硬化的医学方法存在不良的副作用。因此，迫切需要确定新的治疗靶点或替代策略来预防或治疗糖尿病性动脉粥样硬化。大量证据表明，植物和草药与糖尿病并发症（包括糖尿病性动脉粥样硬化）的健康益处密切相关。在这篇综述中，我们将概述植物和草药在治疗糖尿病加速动脉粥样硬化中的应用。此外，还收集和综述了这些植物药治疗糖尿病性动脉粥样硬化的潜在机制。可以预见，来自药用植物的天然成分可能为治疗糖尿病加速动脉粥样硬化带来新的希望。
